2. Fill in the table. \begin{tabular}{|l|l|l|} \hline \multicolumn{1}{|c|}{ Cycle stroke } & Movement of the piston & \begin{tabular}{l} What happened to \\ mixture of gases? \end{tabular} \\ \hline Intake & & \\ \hline Compression & & \\ \hline Power & & \\ \hline Exhaust & & \\ \hline \end{tabular} Guide Questions: Q 17. What happens to the gas if it is heated inside the engine's cylinder? Q 18. What happens to the piston and the gases during compression stroke? Q 19. What is the function of the spark plug? What is its effect to the mixture's temperature? Q 20. Describe the piston and the gases during power stroke. Q 21. In exhaust stroke, what happens to the piston and the mixture of gases? Q 22. What do you think is the effect of this exhaust gas to the environment? Q 23. Can we consider heat engine \( 100 \% \) efficient? Why? Why not? Q 24. As a student, how can you help minimize the effects of thermal pollution?
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This allows the mixture of fuel and air to enter the cylinder. Compression: During the compression stroke, the piston moves upward, compressing the fuel-air mixture. This increases the pressure and temperature of the gases. Power: During the power stroke, the Show more…
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A four-cylinder, four-stroke, spark-ignition engine operates on the ideal Otto cycle with a compression ratio of 11 and a total displacement volume of $1.8 \mathrm{~L}$. The air is at $90 \mathrm{kPa}$ and $50^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$ at the beginning of the compression process. The heat input is $0.5 \mathrm{~kJ}$ per cycle per cylinder. Determine (a) the maximum temperature and pressure that occur during the cycle, $(b)$ the net work per cycle per cylinder and the thermal efficiency of the cycle, (c) the mean effective pressure, and ( $d$ ) the power output for an engine speed of 3000 rpm. Use constant specific heats with $c_{v}=0.821 \mathrm{~kJ} / \mathrm{kg} \cdot \mathrm{K}, c_{p}=1.108 \mathrm{~kJ} /$ $\mathrm{kg} \cdot \mathrm{K},$ and $k=1.35 .$
During the power stroke in a four-stroke automobile engine, the piston is forced down as the mixture of combustion products and air undergoes an adiabatic expansion. Assume (1) the engine is running at 2500 cycles/min; (2) the gauge pressure immediately before the expansion is $20.0 \mathrm{atm} ;$ (3) the volumes of the mixture immediately before and after the expansion are $50.0 \mathrm{cm}^{3}$ and $400 \mathrm{cm}^{3}$, respectively (Fig. P17.54) (4) the time interval for the expansion is one-fourth that of the total cycle; and (5) the mixture behaves like an ideal gas with specific heat ratio $1.40 .$ Find the average power generated during the power stroke.
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