21. Briefly describe how the 3 mechanisms for maintaining...

21. Briefly describe how the 3 mechanisms for maintaining acid-base balance work. Mechanism for Regulating pH Buffers: Tie up hydrogen ions to raise pH; release hydrogen ions to lower pH Lungs Kidneys 22. Fill in the following table regarding the 4 categories of acid-base imbalances. pH (high or low?) | PCO2 (high or low?) | HCO3- (high or low) Metabolic acidosis Respiratory acidosis Metabolic alkalosis Respiratory alkalosis

Transcript

00:01 Hello students.

00:02 So today's question is about for maintaining the acid -based balance in our body, what does buffers do? they have already given us about that.

00:12 They tie up the hydrogen ions to raise the ph and they release hydrogen to lower ph.

00:19 Now how longs and kidneys help in the acid -based balance? so what does lungs do? so lungs help in the so lungs help in the if ph is a disease -based balance.

00:31 Decreased.

00:33 If ph is decreased, ph decreased means h positive is more.

00:40 H positive is more.

00:41 So how lungs help? lungs increase the co2 breathe out.

00:48 Lungs help in the release of co2 more.

00:52 Lungs help in the release of co2 more.

00:55 And how kidneys help.

00:57 So if this is the same scenario, if ph is decreased, and h positive is more.

01:05 H positive is more.

01:07 So they want to release more h positive via urine.

01:12 Via urine, more h positive is released.

01:17 Is released.

01:20 Because we know that, because we know that many acid -based balances, whenever they are disrupted, they lead to these disorders.

01:29 So, acid -based balance is required.

01:32 Acid -based balance why various organ is required.

01:38 This is the most important.

01:40 And we know that ph and h -positive is in inversely relationship.

01:48 What is inverse relationship? if ph is more, that means that h -positive is less and vice versa.

01:55 So it is going to be like if ph is increased, then h -positive is going to be lower.

02:03 If ph is less, then h positive is going to be higher.

02:09 So proton ions are going to be higher.

02:12 So this is the effect.

02:16 So now next is that we know that in blood circulation, h2 and increased carbon dioxide gas.

02:26 They make the h2 co3.

02:31 By the action of carbonic anhydrase enzyme.

02:36 Carbonic anhydrase enzyme.

02:40 Then this breakdown into the h -positive and bicarbonatein.

02:46 So this h -positive is the key point.

02:50 So this h -positive is the key point.

02:52 If it is more, then ph will decrease down.

02:58 Ph will be less.

03:00 And for h positive, it needs to be removed from the body by kidney and then co2 is more released from the body so that it will not break down into this and it will not break down further.

03:14 So this is how the balance is maintained.

03:16 But whenever it gets disbalanced, what happens? so disbalanced, if it gets disbalanced, we have these problems, acidosis and alkalosis and they can be metabolic and rest.

03:30 Aspiratory as well...

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