2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) is synthesized by trinitrating toluene. Draw the structure of TNT. The first nitration proceeds much faster than the second two. Briefly explain. What is the structure of TNT?
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Step 1: The structure of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) can be drawn as follows: \[\text{CH}_3-\text{C}_6\text{H}_2(\text{NO}_2)_3\] Show more…
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Nitration of toluene with nitric and sulfuric acid produces trinitrotoluene (TNT). The first nitration occurs at room temperature. The second requires heating. The third nitration requires boiling in concentrated sulfuric acid. Explain the different reaction conditions for each nitration step.
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Trinitrotoluene is the chemical name for the explosive commonly known as TNT. Its formula is $\mathrm{C}_{7} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{N}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{6}$. TNT is manufactured by the reaction of toluene, $\mathrm{C}_{7} \mathrm{H}_{8},$ with nitric acid: $\mathrm{C}_{7} \mathrm{H}_{8}+3 \mathrm{HNO}_{3} \rightarrow \mathrm{C}_{7} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{N}_{3} \mathrm{O}_{6}+3 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$.a) How much nitric acid is needed to react completely with 1.90 kilograms of toluene? b) How many kilograms of TNT can be produced in the reaction?
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