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25. A mixture containing template DNA, primers, dNTPs, and Taq DNA Polymerase is subjected to several rounds of brief incubation periods at three different temperatures during Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). What happens in the second round's second step?

          25. A mixture containing template DNA, primers, dNTPs, and
Taq DNA Polymerase is subjected to several rounds of brief
incubation periods at three different temperatures during
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). What happens in the second round's
second step?
        
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Added by Pamela M.

Biology for AP Courses
Biology for AP Courses
Julianne Zedalis, John Eggebrecht
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25. A mixture containing template DNA, primers, dNTPs, and Taq DNA Polymerase is subjected to several rounds of brief incubation periods at three different temperatures during Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). What happens in the second round's second step?
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Briefly describe what happens during each of the phases of PCR (denaturation, annealing, and extension), including when you need each of the major components of the reaction (template, primers, nucleotides, DNA polymerase).

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The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) includes all of the following steps EXCEPT hybridization of primers and the DNA fragment to be amplified, raising the temperature to separate the two DNA strands, extension with DNA polymerase, cycle repetition, and addition of new Taq polymerase (a type of DNA polymerase) after each cycle.

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Sanger sequencing only. Both PCR and Sanger sequencing involve exponentially increasing the number of template molecules through repeated cycles of melting, annealing, and elongation. T7 and T3 primers are used in one reaction tube. dNTPs are used as the building blocks for DNA synthesis. The templates used are either single-stranded or denatured DNA. ddNTPs are used to terminate DNA synthesis. Taq DNA polymerase is used in PCR, and its products are mainly different-sized single-stranded DNA. In Sanger sequencing, the products are mainly one-sized double-stranded DNA. T7 and T3 primers are used in separate reaction tubes.

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Transcript

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00:01 Hello everyone in this question we will be talking about pcr which stands for polymerase chain reaction.
00:10 In this the in vitro replication is taking place.
00:16 The components of the pcr are buffer dn -t primers, stack dna polymer, dna, dna template and magnetion ion as a co -factor for enzymes.
00:34 So in this the first step is the denaturation step, which takes place at the 90 degrees celsius.
00:46 In this, the double -stranded dna, which are hydrogen bonded from each other, are denatured, that is, the hydrogen bond here are, broken down due to the high temperature and after this we will have two strands of dna.
01:11 So this avoids the activity of helicase that is present in the in vivo dna replication.
01:22 So here we have two single stranded dna now.
01:26 Then the next step is the annealing step, which is also known as as the primer anulium step.
01:36 So here we have two strands of dna...
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