Question

28. Imagine that you discovered a protein, which affects expression of several genes expressed in the Drosophila embryo. You want to test the hypothesis that this protein is a morphogen. Which approach should you use? A. Express your protein in bacteria and test expression of bacterial genes B. Express your protein in Drosophila cells and test expression of fly genes C. Incubate fly embryos with increasing concentrations of the protein and observe if its function is concentration-dependent D. Delete your protein in Drosophila and test expression of fly genes E. Delete your protein in bacteria and test expression of bacterial genes 29. ATAC-seq is a method to measure DNA accessibility. It relies on in vitro integration of engineered Tn5 transposons, which upon insertion lead to DNA fragmentation. Fragmented DNA is then a good material for high throughput sequencing. Eukaryotic gene promoters are often nucleosome-free. What is the most likely impact of nucleosome-free regions on Tn5 integrations? A. Tn5 integrations are not affected by nucleosome-free regions of gene promoters B. Tn5 integrations are enriched within nucleosome-free regions of gene promoters C. Tn5 integrations are depleted within nucleosome-free regions of gene promoters D. None of the above scenarios is likely E. Scenarios A, B and C are equally likely 30. Obtaining plants resistant to a broad-spectrum herbicide is a common application of genetic engineering. Imagine that you took seeds of a non-GMO variety of maize and subjected them to gamma ray irradiation followed by selection with increasing concentrations of a herbicide in an in vitro culture. Among the obtained plants you identified one, which was significantly more resistant to the herbicide than the original plants and this trait was transmitted to the following generations. Is this newly obtained plant strain going to be considered as genetically modified? A. Yes, because its genome sequence has been changed B. Yes, because its DNA has been changed in a way, which can alter functioning of the plant in unpredictable and harmful ways C. Yes, because the same effect could be obtained using genetic engineering D. No, because no genetic engineering has been used E. No, because the DNA sequence has not been changed 31. Genetically modified Cassava plants are resistant to the Cassava brown streak virus because A. They express a protein receptor that recognizes the virus B. They express double stranded RNA complementary to the viral RNA C. They express single stranded mRNA encoding a viral protein D. They express an inhibitor of virus translation E. They express an inhibitor of virus assembly

29. ATAC-seq is a method to measure DNA accessibility. It relies on in vitro integration of engineered Tn5 transposons, which upon insertion lead to DNA fragmentation. Fragmented DNA is then a good material for high throughput sequencing.
Eukaryotic gene promoters are often nucleosome-free. What is the most likely impact of nucleosome-free regions on Tn5 integrations?
A. Tn5 integrations are not affected by nucleosome-free regions of gene promoters
B. Tn5 integrations are enriched within nucleosome-free regions of gene promoters
C. Tn5 integrations are depleted within nucleosome-free regions of gene promoters
D. None of the above scenarios is likely
E. Scenarios A, B and C are equally likely

30. Obtaining plants resistant to a broad-spectrum herbicide is a common application of genetic engineering. Imagine that you took seeds of a non-GMO variety of maize and subjected them to gamma ray irradiation followed by selection with increasing concentrations of a herbicide in an in vitro culture. Among the obtained plants you identified one, which was significantly more resistant to the herbicide than the original plants and this trait was transmitted to the following generations. Is this newly obtained plant strain going to be considered as genetically modified?
A. Yes, because its genome sequence has been changed
B. Yes, because its DNA has been changed in a way, which can alter functioning of the plant in unpredictable and harmful ways
C. Yes, because the same effect could be obtained using genetic engineering
D. No, because no genetic engineering has been used
E. No, because the DNA sequence has not been changed

31. Genetically modified Cassava plants are resistant to the Cassava brown streak virus because
A. They express a protein receptor that recognizes the virus
B. They express double stranded RNA complementary to the viral RNA
C. They express single stranded mRNA encoding a viral protein
D. They express an inhibitor of virus translation
E. They express an inhibitor of virus assembly

28. Imagine that you discovered a protein, which affects expression of several genes expressed in the Drosophila embryo. You want to test the hypothesis that this protein is a morphogen. Which approach should you use?
A. Express your protein in bacteria and test expression of bacterial genes
B. Express your protein in Drosophila cells and test expression of fly genes
C. Incubate fly embryos with increasing concentrations of the protein and observe if its function is concentration-dependent
D. Delete your protein in Drosophila and test expression of fly genes
E. Delete your protein in bacteria and test expression of bacterial genes

29. ATAC-seq is a method to measure DNA accessibility. It relies on in vitro integration of engineered Tn5 transposons, which upon insertion lead to DNA fragmentation. Fragmented DNA is then a good material for high throughput sequencing.
Eukaryotic gene promoters are often nucleosome-free. What is the most likely impact of nucleosome-free regions on Tn5 integrations?
A. Tn5 integrations are not affected by nucleosome-free regions of gene promoters
B. Tn5 integrations are enriched within nucleosome-free regions of gene promoters
C. Tn5 integrations are depleted within nucleosome-free regions of gene promoters
D. None of the above scenarios is likely
E. Scenarios A, B and C are equally likely

30. Obtaining plants resistant to a broad-spectrum herbicide is a common application of genetic engineering. Imagine that you took seeds of a non-GMO variety of maize and subjected them to gamma ray irradiation followed by selection with increasing concentrations of a herbicide in an in vitro culture. Among the obtained plants you identified one, which was significantly more resistant to the herbicide than the original plants and this trait was transmitted to the following generations. Is this newly obtained plant strain going to be considered as genetically modified?
A. Yes, because its genome sequence has been changed
B. Yes, because its DNA has been changed in a way, which can alter functioning of the plant in unpredictable and harmful ways
C. Yes, because the same effect could be obtained using genetic engineering
D. No, because no genetic engineering has been used
E. No, because the DNA sequence has not been changed

31. Genetically modified Cassava plants are resistant to the Cassava brown streak virus because
A. They express a protein receptor that recognizes the virus
B. They express double stranded RNA complementary to the viral RNA
C. They express single stranded mRNA encoding a viral protein
D. They express an inhibitor of virus translation
E. They express an inhibitor of virus assembly

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Biology for AP Courses

Julianne Zedalis, John Eggebrecht

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07/13/2023

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28. Imagine that you discovered a protein, which affects expression of several genes expressed in the Drosophila embryo. You want to test the hypothesis that this protein is a morphogen. Which approach should you use? A. Express your protein in bacteria and test expression of bacterial genes B. Express your protein in Drosophila cells and test expression of fly genes C. Incubate fly embryos with increasing concentrations of the protein and observe if its function is concentration-dependent D. Delete your protein in Drosophila and test expression of fly genes E. Delete your protein in bacteria and test expression of bacterial genes 29. ATAC-seq is a method to measure DNA accessibility. It relies on in vitro integration of engineered Tn5 transposons, which upon insertion lead to DNA fragmentation. Fragmented DNA is then a good material for high throughput sequencing. Eukaryotic gene promoters are often nucleosome-free. What is the most likely impact of nucleosome-free regions on Tn5 integrations? A. Tn5 integrations are not affected by nucleosome-free regions of gene promoters B. Tn5 integrations are enriched within nucleosome-free regions of gene promoters C. Tn5 integrations are depleted within nucleosome-free regions of gene promoters D. None of the above scenarios is likely E. Scenarios A, B and C are equally likely 30. Obtaining plants resistant to a broad-spectrum herbicide is a common application of genetic engineering. Imagine that you took seeds of a non-GMO variety of maize and subjected them to gamma ray irradiation followed by selection with increasing concentrations of a herbicide in an in vitro culture. Among the obtained plants you identified one, which was significantly more resistant to the herbicide than the original plants and this trait was transmitted to the following generations. Is this newly obtained plant strain going to be considered as genetically modified? A. Yes, because its genome sequence has been changed B. Yes, because its DNA has been changed in a way, which can alter functioning of the plant in unpredictable and harmful ways C. Yes, because the same effect could be obtained using genetic engineering D. No, because no genetic engineering has been used E. No, because the DNA sequence has not been changed 31. Genetically modified Cassava plants are resistant to the Cassava brown streak virus because A. They express a protein receptor that recognizes the virus B. They express double stranded RNA complementary to the viral RNA C. They express single stranded mRNA encoding a viral protein D. They express an inhibitor of virus translation E. They express an inhibitor of virus assembly