3. (3 points) In a clinical test of the drug Viagra, patients were randomly placed in a group receiving Viagra or in a group receiving a placebo (a pill that has no effect). You will need to make sure that your sample includes healthy males between 18 and 80 years old. You will measure their blood pressure and ask them whether or not they had headaches during the trial. a. Briefly describe an appropriate sampling method to select the patients to test whether Viagra induces headache in patients. You need to select healthy adult males of all ages between 18 and 80 years old. b. Describe the variable(s) you would measure (your choice) and indicate their type and level of measurement.
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This means that we will randomly select a certain number of healthy adult males between 18 and 80 years old from a larger population. Show more…
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Headaches and Viagra In Exercises 5-12, Use the data in the accompanying table (based on data from Pfizer, Inc). The table describes results from a clinical trial of the drug Viagra. Some subjects were treated with Viagra while others were given a placebo; then headache events were recorded. Headache No Headache Total Viagra Treatment 117 617 734 Placebo 29 696 725 Total 1459 Probability: For those in the Viagra treatment group, find the probability that the subject experienced a headache. Comparing Probabilities: Compare P(headache Viagra treatment) and P(headache placebo). Absolute Risk Reduction: Find the value of the absolute risk reduction for headaches in the treatment and placebo groups. Odds: For those in the Viagra treatment group, find the odds in favor of a headache, then find the odds against a headache. Relative Risk: Find the relative risk of a headache for those in the treatment group compared to those in the placebo group. Interpret the result. Odds Ratio: Find the odds ratio for headaches in the treatment group compared to the placebo group, then interpret the result. Should Viagra users be concerned about headaches as an adverse reaction?
Krishna G.
An experiment was conducted where 30 men were randomly assigned to a sugar pill (placebo), low, or high doses of Viagra. Their libido after taking the drug was measured on a 10-point scale. The question is whether there is an impact on libido (rather than ED). The researchers consider an effect of interest to be a 2-point difference in the response between doses on this scale. The data are provided in the dataset ViagraCov.jmp, on eLC. The variables are: - Participants libido: the libido of the participant (taking the drug) on a 10-point scale - Dose: the dose level of Viagra administered to the participant: placebo = sugar pill or no medication, low, high 1. [Writing]. If the researchers wanted to have high power of detecting a 2-point difference, what changes to their study design could they have made? What would be the best change, statistically speaking? Explain.
Rashmi S.
In an experiment, $16 \%$ of 734 subjects treated with Viagra experienced headaches. In the same experiment, $4 \%$ of 725 subjects given a placebo experienced headaches (based on data from Pfizer). Use a 0.01 significance level to test the claim that the proportion of headaches is greater for those treated with Viagra. Do headaches appear to be a concern for those who take Viagra?
Madhur L.
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