3) The list of values below indicate processes occurring throughout the nephron. Given the osmolarity and flow volume of the fluid in each portion of the nephron, explain what is occurring in each part. (5 pts) Aim for a sentence or two for each Part's explanation. Blood in the arterial system has an osmolarity of 300mOsmol/kg FLUID OSMOLARITY FLOW VOLUME Filtrate from Glomerulus 300 mOsmol/kg 7.5 L per hour End of Proximal Tubule 300 mOsmol/kg 2.5 L per hour End of Descending Loop 1200 mOsmol/kg 0.5 L per hour End of Ascending Loop 100 mOsmol/kg 0.5 L per hour Distal Tubule through End of Collecting Duct 400 mOsmol/kg 0.05 L per hour GLOMERULUS -- PROXIMAL TUBULE -- DESCENDING LOOP ASCENDING LOOP
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Glomerulus Bowman's capsule Distal tubule Proximal tubule Loop of Henle Collecting duct Figure 1: Image from med-health.net Region Concentration of fluid (arbitrary units) High ADH Low ADH A 1200 1200 B 400 400 C 300 80 D 400 60 E 1200 60
Suman K.
Please describe each of the numbered steps in the figure below, which shows both the tubular and vascular elements of the nephron. Which functions are performed at each different segment along the length of the nephron?
Sri K.
Using the answer code on the right, indicate what the osmolarity of the tubular fluid is at each of the designated points in a nephron: ___ 1. Bowman’s capsule ___ 2. end of proximal tubule ___ 3. tip of Henle’s loop of juxtamedullary nephron (at the bottom of the U-turn) ___ 4. end of Henle’s loop of juxtamedullary nephro (before entry into distal tubule) ___ 5. end of collecting duct (a) isotonic $(300 \mathrm{mOsm} / \mathrm{L})$ (b) hypotonic $(100 \mathrm{mOsm} / \mathrm{L})$ (c) hypertonic $(1200 \mathrm{mOsm} / \mathrm{L})$ (d) ranging from hypotonic to hypertonic $(100 \mathrm{mOsm} / \mathrm{L}$ to $1200 \mathrm{mOsm} / \mathrm{L}$
Madhur L.
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