4. Chromosomes and plasmids have several similarities. Both structures are made of double-stranded DNA. Both contain genes coding for proteins. Both structures can be found in many prokaryotes (both bacteria and archaea) and some (possibly all) eukaryotes. Plasmids are definitely found in fungi, protozoa, and plants. Describe at least one other similarity between chromosomes and plasmids. Describe at least one difference between chromosomes and plasmids.
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This means that both chromosomes and plasmids can undergo replication and produce multiple copies of themselves within a cell. Show more…
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Prokaryotes may contain both plasmid and chromosomal genomes. Classify each description as a characteristic of prokaryotic plasmids, prokaryotic chromosomes, or both. Plasmids only Chromosomes only Characteristics of both Answer Bank can transfer genes for antibiotic resistance holds genes required for survival contains a small assortment of supplementary genes replicates only during prokaryotic fission found in the cell's nucleoid used as a vector in biotechnology enters cells by horizontal gene transfer consists of double-stranded DNA usually circular in shape
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Plasmids containing antibiotic resistance genes are widely used in gene cloning and other molecular biology techniques. What is the major benefit of using plasmids containing genes for antibiotic resistance? The plasmids allow cells to grow in the presence of antibiotic and kill competing bacteria. Plasmids provide a means of selection of the bacteria that have picked up the plasmid. Plasmids provide a means of selection of the bacteria that contain the desired insert. Plasmids allow insert DNA sequences to be incorporated into the host cell genome. The plasmids provide protection against natural antibiotics produced by other bacteria in culture.
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The properties that all plasmids share are that they 1. all carry genes for antimicrobial resistance. 2. are self-transmissible to other bacteria. 3. always occur in multiple copies in the cells. 4. code for non-essential functions. 5. replicate in the cells in which they are found. a) 1,2 b) 2,3 c) 3,4 d) 4,5 e) 1,5
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