44. If you throw a tennis ball at the wall, you expect it to bounce back (and you also expect it to obey the law of reflection, θ_i = θ_r). What happens if you throw alpha particles at a thin gold foil?
A) The particles burn a hole right through the foil and continue to travel in a straight line.
B) The particles bounce off the foil like tiny little tennis balls, obeying the law of reflection.
C) The particles pass right through the foil as if it wasn't there at all. They emerge on the other side of the undamaged gold foil like nothing happened.
D) They disappear mysteriously. It's the one and only known example of violating the laws of matter and energy conservation.
45. True or false: If you bombard a thin gold foil with alpha particles, most of them will bounce straight back in the direction from where they came.
True
False
46. What is the difference between an isotope and an ion?
A) An ion is created when a proton is added to a nucleus.
B) An isotope is created when neutrons are added or removed from a nucleus.
C) An ion is created when two isotopes fuse to form a new nucleus.
D) An isotope is formed when an electron is stripped from its orbit.