5. Why would someone who has had a heart attack or stroke be prescribed warfarin? Explain your answer.
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Warfarin is commonly prescribed to reduce risk of future strokes. Complete the following diagram that summarises the clotting cascade, as this is targeted by her warfarin treatment. HINT: your Lehne's Pharmacology for Nursing Care Craft & Gordon, Understanding Pathophysiology textbook will be helpful in answering this question. Platelet aggregation Can be triggered by one or combinations of Atrial fibrillation Hypertension Atherosclerotic plaque Can be triggered by Trauma eg cuts, post-operative healing That occur happen Triggering the Triggering the Factor IX Vitamin K product Factor X Vitamin K product Factor VII Vitamin K product Factor II (prothrombin) Vitamin K product Endothelial damage Fibrin covers activated platelets, forming thrombus Outside blood vessels Extrinsic pathway Intrinsic pathway Inside blood vessels
Shaiju T.
Anticoagulant drugs such as Warfarin inhibit the activity of the enzyme critical for the normal function of Vitamin K. An anticoagulant like Warfarin blocks the synthesis of prothrombin, which is essential for blood clotting. Additionally, it affects the synthesis of other clotting factors. Warfarin's specific effect on blood clotting is detailed in the diagram above. In addition, it can be counteracted by administering Vitamin K.
Adi S.
Leona is 52 years old and smokes. She is also overweight and has atherosclerosis. When she was given a 2-week vacation from work, she packed up her bags and flew from Minnesota to Sydney, Australia, for the trip she always wanted to take. Unfortunately, just 3 days after she arrived, she was hospitalized when her left calf became inflamed, causing her considerable pain. The physician attending to her told her she developed a deep vein thrombosis. 1. Explain, using your knowledge of hypercoagulability, why the trip to Australia contributed to Leona's DVT? Why was Leona already at risk for thrombus development? 2. How does Leona's atherosclerosis affect platelet function? Conversely, what is the effect of increased platelet activity on the development of atherosclerosis? 3. How do atherosclerosis and immobility promote changes in blood coagulation? 4. When Leona was in the hospital, she received heparin therapy. Explain why this course of action was taken to treat her DVT. Why was she not given heparin tablets to take back to the hotel with her?
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