All of the following are true about how nutrients are absorbed from the small intestine EXCEPT which statement? a. All digested fat-soluble nutrients enter the lymphatic system after absorption. b. All digested water-soluble nutrients enter the portal vein after absorption. c. Digested nutrients entering the lymphatic system go directly to the liver. d. After digested nutrients are processed in the liver, they enter the hepatic vein. e. Digested nutrients entering the portal vein go directly to the liver. Feedback All of the following are true about carbohydrate digestion and absorption EXCEPT which statement? a. The absorbed monosaccharides enter the portal vein and travel to the liver. b. Carbohydrates are digested into monosaccharides. c. The absorbed monosaccharides include glucose, fructose, and galactose. d. Glucose can either be stored in the liver or sent out through the portal vein to the heart. Replay Submit For Grading
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The correct statement is "All digested water-soluble nutrients enter the portal vein after absorption." Show more…
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Activity C: Absorption Get the Gizmo ready: Click Reset and Clear screen. Introduction: Digesting nutrients into simple carbohydrates, amino acids, and fatty acids is important, but it doesn't matter unless the nutrients get into the bloodstream to feed body cells. This process is called absorption. Question: How are nutrients absorbed? 1. Observe: Look through the descriptions of the large and small organs. A. Which of the large organs allow nutrients and water to pass through their walls? B. Which of the small organs transport absorbed nutrients to the bloodstream? 2. Set up the Gizmo: Create the digestive system shown. The small intestine has three parts: the duodenum (attached to the stomach), the jejunum (the middle portion), and the ilium (attached to the large intestine). Drag the Pecan pie to the mouth. Test each of the scenarios below. For each setup, record the nutrients that are absorbed by the system. (Be sure to look at the "Absorbed" row of the Analysis table.) Scenario Sugars Amino acids Fatty acids Water Capillaries attached to the small intestine segments only Capillaries attached to the large intestine only Lymphatic vessels attached to the small intestine segments only (no capillaries) Lymphatic vessels attached to the large intestine only (no capillaries)
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In Chapter $26,$ we will study a metabolic pathway called the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), also known as the citric acid or Krebs cycle. We have already seen examples of most of the reactions in this pathway. Following is an outline of the pathway beginning with the molecule for which the pathway is named. A particular enzyme that is highly specific catalyzes each of these reactions. Each enzyme-catalyzed reaction gives a high yield of the target molecule. (a) Which of these TCA-cycle intermediates are chiral? Which intermediate has the greatest number of chiral centers? Which intermediates show cis-trans isomerism? (b) Name the type of reaction that takes place in Steps $1-3$ (c) Notice that the hydration of aconitic acid to give isocitric acid does not follow Markovnikov's rule. If the hydration of aconitic acid were to follow Markovnikov's rule, what product would be formed? Offer an explanation for the formation of this non-Markovnikov product. (d) What type of reactions take place in Steps $4-8 ?$ (e) The only reaction we have not studied is Step 5 Because it involves a loss of $\mathrm{CO}_{2}$, it is classified as a decarboxylation. Show that it also involves oxidation. Because it involves both oxidation and decarboxylation, it is classified as an oxidative decarboxylation. (f) Reaction 4 is also classified as a decarboxylation. Does this decarboxylation also involve an oxidation?
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