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68. Match the term with the number of chromosomes per cell type. A) Haploid i. n chromosomes in both somatic cells and gametes B) Diploid ii. somatic cells have multiples (x) of n (xn) chromosomes; gametes have xn/2 C) Monoploid iii. n chromosomes in gametes D) Polyploid iv. 2n chromosomes in somatic cells 69. Meiotic recombination produces new genetic information in sister chromatids. This happens during prophase I. Order the stages of prophase I chronologically: Diplotene.-The synaptonemal complex disassociates; homologous pairs remain attached (chiasmata). Zygotene.-A synaptonemal complex is formed between homologous chromosomes. Diakinesis.-Nuclear membrane disintegrates and chromosomes fully condense prior to metaphase I. Leptotene.-Chromosomes start condensing and attaching to the nuclear membrane via telomeres. Pachytene.-Non-sister chromatids undergo crossing over of genetic material. 70. In your own words, describe the difference between the terms monoploid and haploid. You may consult your textbook, a genetics textbook, or reputable sources in the Internet, not junky sites or ’services’ like Chegg, CourseHero, Quizlet, or social media platforms like GroupMe, Discord, Telegram, etc.—Big brother is watching you! (George Orwell in 1984). SOMATIC CELLS MITOSIS 2N diploid nucleus CHROMOSOME DUPLICATION “4N” MITOSIS 2N 2N two diploid nuclei GONADS MEIOSIS 2N diploid germ-line nucleus CHROMOSOME DUPLICATION “4N” MEIOSIS I 2N 2N MEIOSIS II N N N N NO FURTHER CHROMOSOME DUPLICATION four haploid nuclei Figure 19–5 Mitosis and meiosis both begin with a round of chromosome duplication. In mitosis, chromosome duplication is followed by a single round of cell division to yield two diploid nuclei. In meiosis, chromosome duplication in a diploid germ-line cell is followed by two rounds of division, without further DNA replication, to produce four haploid nuclei. N represents the number of chromosomes in the haploid nucleus. 71. Use the diagram above (Fig. 19-5) and answer the following questions: The amount of DNA in a somatic cell of a female Australian fire ant (Myrmecia pilosula) is 32 pg. The male is monoploid. How much DNA will be in… ? A) a mature ovum? B) a nerve cell? C) a male sperm cell? D) a somatic cell in metaphase? 72. Match the term with the number of chromosomes per cell type. A) Haploid i. n chromosomes in both somatic cells and gametes B) Diploid ii. somatic cells have number of chromosomes in multiples of n (xn); gametes have xn/2 C) Monoploid iii. n chromosomes in gametes D) Polyploid iv. 2n chromosomes in somatic cells

68. Match the term with the number of chromosomes per cell type.
A) Haploid ______ i. n chromosomes in both somatic cells and gametes
B) Diploid ______ ii. somatic cells have multiples (x) of n (xn) chromosomes; gametes have xn/2
C) Monoploid ______ iii. n chromosomes in gametes
D) Polyploid ______ iv. 2n chromosomes in somatic cells

69. Meiotic recombination produces new genetic information in sister chromatids. This happens during prophase I. Order the stages of prophase I chronologically:
____ Diplotene.-The synaptonemal complex disassociates; homologous pairs remain attached (chiasmata).
____ Zygotene.-A synaptonemal complex is formed between homologous chromosomes.
____ Diakinesis.-Nuclear membrane disintegrates and chromosomes fully condense prior to metaphase I.
____ Leptotene.-Chromosomes start condensing and attaching to the nuclear membrane via telomeres.
____ Pachytene.-Non-sister chromatids undergo crossing over of genetic material.

70. In your own words, describe the difference between the terms monoploid and haploid. You may consult your textbook, a genetics textbook, or reputable sources in the Internet, not junky sites or ’services’ like Chegg, CourseHero, Quizlet, or social media platforms like GroupMe, Discord, Telegram, etc.—Big brother is watching you! (George Orwell in 1984).

SOMATIC CELLS
MITOSIS 2N diploid nucleus
CHROMOSOME DUPLICATION “4N”
MITOSIS 2N
2N two diploid nuclei
GONADS
MEIOSIS 2N diploid germ-line nucleus
CHROMOSOME DUPLICATION “4N”
MEIOSIS I 2N 2N
MEIOSIS II N N N N
NO FURTHER CHROMOSOME DUPLICATION four haploid nuclei
Figure 19–5 Mitosis and meiosis both begin with a round of chromosome duplication. In mitosis, chromosome duplication is followed by a single round of cell division to yield two diploid nuclei. In meiosis, chromosome duplication in a diploid germ-line cell is followed by two rounds of division, without further DNA replication, to produce four haploid nuclei. N represents the number of chromosomes in the haploid nucleus.

71. Use the diagram above (Fig. 19-5) and answer the following questions: The amount of DNA in a somatic cell of a female Australian fire ant (Myrmecia pilosula) is 32 pg. The male is monoploid. How much DNA will be in… ?
A) a mature ovum? ______
B) a nerve cell? ______
C) a male sperm cell? ______
D) a somatic cell in metaphase? ______

72. Match the term with the number of chromosomes per cell type.
A) Haploid i. n chromosomes in both somatic cells and gametes
B) Diploid ii. somatic cells have number of chromosomes in multiples of n (xn); gametes have xn/2
C) Monoploid iii. n chromosomes in gametes
D) Polyploid iv. 2n chromosomes in somatic cells

68. Match the term with the number of chromosomes per cell type.
A) Haploid i. n chromosomes in both somatic cells and gametes
B) Diploid ii. somatic cells have multiples (x) of n (xn) chromosomes; gametes have xn/2
C) Monoploid iii. n chromosomes in gametes
D) Polyploid iv. 2n chromosomes in somatic cells

69. Meiotic recombination produces new genetic information in sister chromatids. This happens during prophase I. Order the stages of prophase I chronologically:
Diplotene.-The synaptonemal complex disassociates; homologous pairs remain attached (chiasmata).
Zygotene.-A synaptonemal complex is formed between homologous chromosomes.
Diakinesis.-Nuclear membrane disintegrates and chromosomes fully condense prior to metaphase I.
Leptotene.-Chromosomes start condensing and attaching to the nuclear membrane via telomeres.
Pachytene.-Non-sister chromatids undergo crossing over of genetic material.

70. In your own words, describe the difference between the terms monoploid and haploid. You may consult your textbook, a genetics textbook, or reputable sources in the Internet, not junky sites or ’services’ like Chegg, CourseHero, Quizlet, or social media platforms like GroupMe, Discord, Telegram, etc.—Big brother is watching you! (George Orwell in 1984).

SOMATIC CELLS
MITOSIS 2N diploid nucleus
CHROMOSOME DUPLICATION “4N”
MITOSIS 2N
2N two diploid nuclei
GONADS
MEIOSIS 2N diploid germ-line nucleus
CHROMOSOME DUPLICATION “4N”
MEIOSIS I 2N 2N
MEIOSIS II N N N N
NO FURTHER CHROMOSOME DUPLICATION four haploid nuclei
Figure 19–5 Mitosis and meiosis both begin with a round of chromosome duplication. In mitosis, chromosome duplication is followed by a single round of cell division to yield two diploid nuclei. In meiosis, chromosome duplication in a diploid germ-line cell is followed by two rounds of division, without further DNA replication, to produce four haploid nuclei. N represents the number of chromosomes in the haploid nucleus.

71. Use the diagram above (Fig. 19-5) and answer the following questions: The amount of DNA in a somatic cell of a female Australian fire ant (Myrmecia pilosula) is 32 pg. The male is monoploid. How much DNA will be in… ?
A) a mature ovum?
B) a nerve cell?
C) a male sperm cell?
D) a somatic cell in metaphase?

72. Match the term with the number of chromosomes per cell type.
A) Haploid i. n chromosomes in both somatic cells and gametes
B) Diploid ii. somatic cells have number of chromosomes in multiples of n (xn); gametes have xn/2
C) Monoploid iii. n chromosomes in gametes
D) Polyploid iv. 2n chromosomes in somatic cells

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