7. Receptors for most water-soluble hormones are located A. in the cytoplasm of their target cells. B. on the plasma membrane of their target cells. C. in the lysosomes of their target cells. D. on the nuclear membrane of their target cells. E. on the endoplasmic reticulum of their target cells. 8. Which type of chemical messenger stimulates the cell that originally secreted it? A. paracrine B. endocrine C. autocrine D. neurotransmitter 9. In general, the response of target cells to endocrine stimulation is to nervous stimulation. A. faster and briefer B. slower and more prolonged C. more accurate D. more restricted to a small area of the body E. more intense 10. Which of the following hormones is synthesized by the hypothalamus? A. ADH (antidiuretic hormone) B. testosterone C. TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) D. ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) E. T3 and T4 11. The posterior pituitary A. has a direct connection with neurons of the hypothalamus. B. is controlled by releasing hormones produced in the hypothalamus. C. is not related to fluid balance in the body. D. produces hormones that regulate other endocrine glands. 12. The thyroid gland is located: A. under the sternum B. in the anterior neck, inferior to the larynx C. in the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone 13. High blood glucose levels cause an increased secretion of A. glucagon B. insulin C. aldosterone D. PTH (parathyroid hormone) than their response
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Water-soluble hormones cannot cross the cell membrane, so their receptors must be located on the cell surface. Therefore, the correct answer is B. Show more…
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Part 1 Questions 1) The parathyroid glands lie on the ________ surface of the thyroid gland. 2) The ability of target tissue to respond to a particular hormone depends on the presence of a specific ________ that will bind the hormone on or inside the target cell. 3) Changing levels of ions or nutrients in the blood are examples of ________ stimuli that cause changes in endocrine secretion. 4) Cells of the kidney produce the hormone ________, which stimulates red blood cell production. 5) Releasing and inhibiting hormones travel from the hypothalamus through a vascular ________ portal system to the anterior lobe of the pituitary. 6) The ________ hormone aldosterone is produced by the adrenal cortex to increase blood volume. 7) The ________ consists of four endocrine cell types: A, B, D, and PP. 8) The thymic hormones are structurally ________ molecules. 9) The release of PTH by the parathyroid glands is triggered by a ________ stimulus. 10) The endocrine cells of the pancreas are located within spherical bodies called ________. 11) ________ produces contraction of the smooth musculature of the uterus. 12) The three layers of the adrenal cortex, from external to internal, are the zona glomerulosa, zona fasciculata, and zona ________.
Adi S.
To answer questions 15-18 pick from the following questions: a) Hydrophilic hormone b) Hydrophobic hormone 15. Must bind to a transport protein in the bloodstream 16. Can pass easily through the phospholipid bilayer and carries out its action on the target cell 17. Needs a second messenger to carry out its action 18. Must bind a membrane receptor in the target cell 19. What distinguishes a target cell for a particular hormone from other cells? a) the presence of certain channels b) they're exactly the same as other cells c) the presence of specific receptors d) they are located very near to the cells which secrete the hormone 20. A particular type of dwarfism called Laron dwarfism does not respond to growth hormone treatments. The reason for this is that in persons with this type of dwarfism: a) the anterior pituitary does not produce sufficient levels of growth hormone b) the production of growth hormone is inhibited by the hypothalamus c) growth hormone is destroyed as soon as it is released by the pituitary d) there is a deficiency in growth hormone receptors
Shyam P.
The anterior pituitary stimulates other endocrine glands to secrete a group of hormones called Brain Releasing Factors. These hormones are classified as Tropic hormones. Neurotransmitters and target hormones are not part of this group. Hormones that directly activate enzymes are classified as water-insoluble or water-soluble. They can be either amino acid-based or nucleic acid-based. The islets of Langerhans are found in the pancreas and are part of the endocrine system. Gigantism results from the hypersecretion of growth hormone. Oxytocin is produced in the hypothalamus and released by the posterior pituitary gland. Hypoglycemia is a result of the hypersecretion of insulin. This hormone is involved in sodium regulation and water balance. It is called ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone) or Aldosterone. Cushing's disease is caused by the hypersecretion of the adrenal cortex. Exophthalmos is a sign of hypersecretion of thyroid hormone. The target organ of thyrotropin-stimulating hormone is the thyroid gland. The hypothalamus regulates the endocrine system.
Sri K.
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