9. The evolution of the vertebrate lung provides a classic example of how evolution often builds upon pre-existing structures. The images below depict a swim-bladder organ present in the bony fishes (A), frog lungs (C), and a one reptilian lung (E). The small black lines in figures C) and E) represent infolding of the tissues. Swim bladder Mouth Esophagus or Pharynx A. The swim bladder of a fish Infolding Trachea Trachea E. Reptile's lungs C. Frog's lungs 9a. Describe the key function of the swim bladder organ in a bony fish such as the sturgeon. [4 pts] The swim bladder primarily functions as a hydrostatic organ. This enables the fish to maintain its depth without floating or sinking. 9b. Vertebrate lungs are thought to be derived from the swim bladder of a lobe-finned fish, which has a pulmonary artery that allows this swim bladder to function as a lung. Amphibian lungs are not as efficient as reptilian lungs. Explain a feature of amphibian gas-exchange anatomy that is advantageous for this vertebrate group based on its lifestyle. [2 pts] 9c. Based on the diagrams above, describe what features of the reptilian lung are responsible for its high efficiency as a gas exchange organ compared to the swim bladder and the amphibian lung structures. [2 pts]
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The key function of the swim bladder organ in bony fish such as the sturgeon is to maintain buoyancy. This allows the fish to maintain its depth without floating or sinking. Show moreā¦
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