9) What does the Signal Recognition Peptide do when expressed at the start of a protein sequence? 11) What are the 3 pathways that cells use direct material to lysosomes.
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3) Which statement is NOT true regarding signal sequences? A) Proteins without signal sequences remain in the cytoplasm B) They are often cleaved from the mature protein C) Are only found on nuclear proteins D) Are specific amino acid sequences that designate where a protein will be transported 4) Proteins that will be localized to the plasma membrane are first translated here. A) Golgi B) Endosomes C) Endoplasmic Reticulum D) Lysosomes 5) Which statement is true regarding the signal recognition particle? A) It pauses translation as a ribosome becomes associated with the ER. B) It pauses translation as a ribosome becomes associated with the mitochondria. C) It degrades the signal recognition particle receptor D) Remains covalently bound to the ER signal sequence. 6) This membrane protein will recognize and bind to a vesicle ensuring the vesicle is transported to the correct destination in a cell. A) ran-GTP B) Translocation channel proteins C) v-Snare protein D) t-Snare protein 7) Constitutive secretion: A) is activated by an extracellular signal. B) occurs continuously in certain cells. C) can be paused. D) is characterized by regulated membrane fusion. 8) Which statement is not true regarding lysosomes? A) Lysosomes contain proteases B) The internal pH of the lysosome is the same as the cytoplasm C) Proteins, nucleotides, and sugars are hydrolyzed here. D) Protons are continuously pumped in. 9) Hydrolases in the lysosomes will function: A) only at a pH above the cytoplasm. B) only at a pH that is the same as the cytoplasm. C) only at a pH below the cytoplasm. D) at a very wide pH range. 10) The surrounding of a damaged mitochondria with a membrane and its subsequent digestion by fusing with a lysosome is: A) Autophagy. B) Endocytosis. C) Phagocytosis. D) Regulated Secretion. 11) A small hydrophobic signaling molecule such as estrogen will bind to this class of receptor in the cell receiving the signal. A) A transmembrane receptor B) An intracellular receptor C) A G-protein Coupled Receptor D) An Ion Coupled Channel Receptor
Josee P.
The ER signal sequence on a growing polypeptide chain is recognized by a signal-recognition particle (SRP) in the cytosol. What does this interaction accomplish? It cleaves the ER signal sequence from the polypeptide chain. It cleaves the ER signal sequence from the polypeptide chain. It guides the ribosome and its polypeptide to the ER. It releases the polypeptide chain from the ribosome. It speeds the synthesis of the polypeptide chain. Which of the following choices reflects the appropriate order of locations through which a protein destined for the plasma membrane travels? lysosome to endosome to plasma membrane ER to endosome to plasma membrane Golgi to lysosome to plasma membrane ER to Golgi to plasma membrane
Bryan V.
Some secretory proteins and some integral membrane proteins must pass through a membrane. A ribonucleoprotein known as the signal recognition particle (SRP) guides these proteins either to the plasma membrane (in bacteria) or the endoplasmic reticulum (in eukaryotes). Put the following steps of the membrane translocation of eukaryotic secretory proteins in order, starting after the signal peptide emerges from the ribosome and ending with the protein being transported by vesicles out of the endoplasmic reticulum. Signal peptide exits ribosome during translation. Translation resumes. Signal peptidase removes signal peptide from growing polypeptide. SRP binds to the signal peptide, and translation stops. Ribosome docks to a translocon. Growing polypeptide crosses the ER membrane through translocon. SRP moves the ribosome to the ER membrane. The remainder of the polypeptide is moved into the ER lumen. Protein is transported out of the ER.
Adi S.
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