________________________ are spinal cord tracts involved in voluntary control of movement that go from the cortex down the spinal cord to stimulate motor neurons. Anterolateral spinothalamic tracts Dorsal Columns/Lemniscal system Corticopsinal tracts vesibulospinal tracts efferent nervous system
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Spinal Nerve Tracts: Neurons carry impulses from the brain to the appropriate spinal nerve, then to the effector by way of motor tracts. There are a number of motor tracts, both voluntary and involuntary. The voluntary motor path to skeletal muscles is called the pyramidal system (named for the pyramidal cells of the motor cortex). One of the most common pyramidal system tracts, and the one you are responsible for knowing, is the corticospinal tract. The name describes the path from the motor cortex to the spinal cord and nerves. Neurons that carry impulses from receptors within the body, up the spinal cord, to the brain do so by means of sensory pathways. There are several sensory pathways depending on the type of stimulus involved, region of the spinal cord that the neurons travel, or the ultimate destination of the path. You will be learning a general sensory pathway that incorporates a couple of these specific tracts.
Madhur L.
23. Regarding the posterior columns, our perception of a given sensation as touch, rather than as temperature or pain, depends on ________. A) processing in the thalamus B) the type of lower motor neurons involved C) the first-order neurons that integrate the information at the spinal cord D) whether or not the axons decussate a second time within the cerebellum E) the number of sensory receptors the affected region contains in the primary sensory cortex 24. The corticospinal tracts that synapse on motor neurons in the anterior gray horns of the spinal cord are visible as they descend along the ventral surface of the medulla as a pair of thick bands, the ________. A) olives B) reticular formation C) pyramids D) medial lemniscus E) peduncles 26. Several centers (and their associated motor tracts) in the cerebrum, diencephalon, and brainstem, which may issue somatic motor commands as a result of processing performed at a subconscious level, were long known as the ________, but is actually now considered inaccurate and misleading. A) medial lemniscus B) pyramidal system C) anterolateral system D) reticular formation E) extrapyramidal system 31. All the levels of somatic motor control affect the activity of (the) ________. A) thalamus B) third-order neurons C) lower motor neurons D) medulla oblongata E) upper motor neurons
Which is NOT an indirect pathway? a. the rubrospinal and tectospinal tracts b. the lateral and anterior corticospinal and corticobulbar tracts c. the vestibulospinal and lateral reticulospinal tracts d. the medial reticulospinal
Adi S.
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