A 35-year-old woman visits her healthcare provider complaining of frequent urination accompanied by a burning sensation, discomfort, and pain. She also notices blood in her urine and experiences bladder pain. Upon further examination, the healthcare provider suspects cystitis. Based on the scenario, which of the following factors most likely contributed to the development of cystitis in this patient?
Select one:
a.
Regular consumption of caffeine and sugary drinks
b.
Recent change in dietary habits to a high-protein diet
c.
History of kidney stones causing obstruction in the urinary tract
d.
Anatomical factors such as the short length of the urethra and its proximity to the anus