a. DNA b. proteins c. nucleus d. nucleolus e. modify f. digestion g. cellulose h. channels i. vacuoles j. mitochondria k. microtubules 1. rough ER m. smooth ER n. solar energy o. protein fibers p. large vacuole q. Golgi apparatus I. microfilaments s. intermediate filaments t. endomembrane system The (1) is the cell's genetic control center. The nucleus houses the cell's (2) and directs protein synthesis by making messenger RNA. The (3) makes the subunits of ribosomes. Ribosomes synthesize (4) according to the directions from DNA. Many organelles are connected through the (5) (6) synthesizes lipids and processes toxins. (7) manufactures membranes and ribosomes on its surface, produce membranes and secretory proteins. The (8) consists of stacks of sacs that (9) - ER products and then ship them to other organelles or to the cell surface. Lysosomes house enzymes that function in (10) and recycling within the cell. Plant cells contain a (11) that stores molecules ad wastes and facilitates growth. While animal cells have small and numerous (12) that function in the general maintenance of the cell. The organelles of the endomembrane system are interconnected structurally and functionally. (13) is the main organelle in animal cell responsible in harvesting chemical energy from food while chloroplasts in plant convert (14) to chemical energy. The cell's internal skeleton helps organize its structure and activities. The cytoskeleton is a network of (15) (16) of actin enable cells to change shape and move. (17) reinforce the cell and anchor certain organelles. (18) give the cell rigidity and acts as tracks for organelle movement. Plant cell walls are made largely of (19) Plasmodesmata are connecting (20) between plant cells.
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Of the following organelles, which group is involved in manufacturing substances needed by the cell? a. lysosome, vacuole, ribosome b. ribosome, rough ER, smooth ER c. vacuole, rough ER, smooth ER d. smooth ER, ribosome, vacuole e. rough ER, lysosome, vacuole 2. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of prokaryotes? a. DNA b. cell membrane c. cell wall d. endoplasmic reticulum 3. Proteins synthesized by the rough ER are: a. for internal storage in the Golgi Apparatus b. to build more membranes in the cell c. to digest food in lysosomes d. for internal regulation e. exported from the cell 4. Which of the following describes the fluid-mosaic model of the plasma membrane structure? a. phospholipid monolayer with embedded proteins b. phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins c. phospholipid trilayer with embedded proteins d. triglyceride bilayer with embedded proteins e. triglyceride monolayer with embedded proteins 5. True (a) or False (b): Metabolism is a complex chemical process accomplished in an organism by which large molecules are destroyed and small ones are produced. At the end of this process, composed of 2 different kinds of reactions (catabolism and anabolism), energy is produced and released by cells.
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16. The membrane surrounding the cell 17. Provides support for the cell, has two "subparts" 18. Name for the collection of DNA in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells 19. Consist of hollow tubes which provide support for the cell 20. Small hair-like structures used for movement or sensing things 21. Composed of a phospholipid bilayer 22. Longer whip-like structures used for movement Put each of the following organelles into one of the four columns, based on their role in metabolism. Lysosomes Mitochondria Plasma membrane Vacuoles Ingestion Digestion Respiration Excretion Put a check in the appropriate column(s) to indicate whether the following organelles are found in plant cells, animal cells or both. Organelle Plant Cells Animal Cells Cell Wall Vesicle Chloroplast Chromatin Cytoplasm Cytoskeleton Endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus Lysosome Organelle Plant Cells Animal Cells Mitochondria Nucleolus Nucleus Plasma membrane Central vacuole Ribosome Vacuole
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