A farmer wants to grow larger tomatoes to sell at their farm stand next year, so they only save and plant seeds from the tomato plants with the largest harvested fruits. This corresponds to a selection coefficient (S) that is... A farmer wants to grow larger tomatoes to sell at their farm stand next year, so they only save and plant seeds from the tomato plants with the largest harvested fruits. This corresponds to a selection coefficient (S) that is... A positive value (S > 0). A negative value (S < 0). Neither negative or positive (there is no adaptation, so S = 0). Evolutionary response is an absolute value.
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Suppose scientists studied a species of plant that grows in shady environments. They measured the size of leaves in two plant populations and found that the size distribution was similar. In addition, they found that plants with larger leaves tended to produce more seeds and that their offspring tended to have large leaves. The scientists also measured the selection differential, S, of leaf size in each population. In population A, S equalled 1 cm². In population B, S equalled 2 cm². Assume that the heritability of leaf size in the two populations is the same. Predict how the difference in S between the populations will affect the evolution of leaf size in these populations. Because S is larger in population B, leaf size will evolve more rapidly in population B than in A. Environment plays a larger role in determining leaf size in population B than in population A. After a given number of generations, the leaves in population B will be larger than those in A. Because S indicates variance in leaf size, leaf size will evolve more rapidly in population B than in A. Because S represents positive selection pressure, leaf size will evolve more slowly in population A.
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