A fellow student failed to replicate the conformity effect,...

A fellow student failed to replicate the conformity effect, a well-established effect in social psychology. Because this student failed to find a statistically significant difference in conformity but many other studies have found this effect, it is possible that the student: made a Type II error. made a Type I error. committed a false positive. committed the confounding variable error.

Transcript

00:01 So we are looking at a blank anova table that we're going to fill up based on some information.

00:07 So there was a study done where there were a total of k equals three groups and what we're looking at is whether or not the three groups had different mean scores.

00:20 So you'd be looking at group one and group two and group three, taking the means of them and the null hypothesis for anova is that the means are all equal and that's your null, that all the means of the three groups are equal.

00:33 The alternative is that they're not all equal.

00:36 Means are not all means, not all equal.

00:47 All right.

00:48 And so the goal for today is to fill in this table based on some given information.

00:53 The first piece of information we're given is the f statistic and it's given this notation two comma 12 is 9 .94.

01:03 So that's going to go here, 9 .94.

01:07 And we're also told the p value is 0 .003.

01:16 All right.

01:18 And what else are we told? we're also told the mean square ms sub e, this is the mean square error and we're told this is 2 .10.

01:27 So in our table, we have the mean square, that the error corresponds to the within groups.

01:32 This is also the error term within groups and that is 2 .1.

01:37 And then the other piece of information we're given is that eta squared is 0 .62.

01:48 All right.

01:48 Let's see what we got.

01:50 Well, these values here, the two and the 12, these are degrees of freedom.

01:54 The two stands for the degrees of freedom of your between groups and 12 is the degrees of freedom of the within groups.

02:01 Or again, you could say the error.

02:02 So that's the degrees of freedom.

02:04 So you get two and 12.

02:09 And then let's see, now let's do the mean squares because the mean squares, regardless of the between groups, within groups, the mean squares, also the between groups is equal to the sum of squares of the between groups divided by the degrees of freedom of the between groups.

02:26 So we know the degrees of freedom so far, but we don't know some of the squares yet or the mean squares.

02:31 So we can't do that one yet, but we do, we can work with the mean square of the within groups, right? because the mean square of the within groups is equal to the sum of squares of the within groups divided by the degrees of freedom.

02:45 We know this is 2 .1.

02:47 We don't know the sum of squares yet, but we know the degrees of freedom is 12.

02:53 So we take 2 .1 times 12 and that's going to give us our value.

02:59 And it ends up being 25 point two.

03:07 Excellent...

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