A patient was admitted to the hospital after consumption of river water and is running both a high-grade fever and has severe abdominal pain and dysentery. Upon examination of their blood it was determined that there is an unknown microbethat is single cellular Eukaryotic organism. Isolation and growth of this organism revealed that is utilizes both sexual and asexual reproduction. What organismal group of microbes does this parasite belong to? Use evidence from the description above
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Laboratory Exercise 26: Parasitic Protozoa Protozoa exist throughout aqueous environments and soil. Protozoa occupy a range of trophic levels. As predators, they prey upon unicellular or filamentous algae, bacteria, and microfungi. Protozoa play a role both as herbivores and as consumers in the decomposer link of the food chain. Protozoa also play a vital role in controlling bacteria populations and biomass. As components of the micro- and meiofauna, protozoa are an important food source for micro-invertebrates. Thus, the ecological role of protozoa in the transfer of bacterial and algal production to successive trophic levels is important. Entamoeba histolytica causes amebiasis in humans. Mode of transmission for this parasite is ingestion of mature cyst through contaminated food or water. The protozoan is not common in the US. The active stage called trophozoite exists only in the host and in fresh loose feces; cysts survive outside the host in water, soils and on foods. When cysts are swallowed they transform to motile trophozoite in the digestive tract. The main habitat is human colon. Giardia lamblia (common name Giardia) lives in human intestines and is passed in the stool. The parasite has form of cyst, which can survive outside the host body for long periods of time. Giardia lamblia causes disease called Giardiasis, which is basically a diarrheal illness. Human can get infected after accidentally swallowing the parasite. Trypanosoma spp. includes Trypanosoma brucei, cause African sleeping disease and Trypanosoma cruzi, cause of Chagas disease in South America. The parasite has two hosts in its life cycle: biological vector (Tsetse fly for Trypanosoma brucei and Triatoma, (kissing bug) for Trypanosoma cruzi) and mammalian host. The parasite lives in the gut of the fly or kissing bug until it migrates to the salivary glands for injection to the mammalian host. The parasite lives within the bloodstream where it can infect again after biological vector bites host again. The parasite may migrate to other areas of the host. Plasmodium is responsible for malaria. Extremely widespread, malaria is now mainly confined to Africa, Asia and Latin America. The parasite has two hosts in its life cycle: a mosquito biological vector (female Anopheles mosquito) and human. Plasmodium develops in the gut of the mosquito, and is passed on in the saliva of an infected insect when it bites a human. The parasites are then carried by the blood to the victim's liver where they invade the cells and multiply. Materials: Entamoeba histolytica Trypanosoma Giardia lamblia Plasmodium
Sri K.
Which of the following is false concerning protozoans? Giardia lamblia causes water-borne acute or chronic foul-smelling diarrhea. Malarial parasites belong to the genus Plasmodium and are transmitted by the female Anopheles mosquito. Trypanosoma brucei causes Chagas disease which is transmitted by the sand fly. Pregnant females should always avoid the cat litter box to prevent congenital infection of their developing fetus and consequent birth defects due to Toxoplasma gondii. Cryptosporidium produces diarrhea that is self-limited in individuals with normal host defenses but prolonged and severe in AIDS.
Anand J.
Malaria (a) is transmitted by the bite of a female tsetse fly (b) is caused by a parasitic flagellate, Giardia intestinalis (c) is a serious form of amoebic dysentery caused by Entamoeba histolytica (d) is caused by an apicomplexan that spends part of its life cycle in the Anopheles mosquito and part in humans (e) is transmitted when people drink water tainted by a red tide
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