a. What is the domain-name of the root cause infection? b. What is the IP address of the root cause infection? c. What is the request of the root cause infection? d. Exit out of the TCP Stream interface
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[kurose@MacBook-Pro-6 ~ % nslookup www.iitb.ac.in Server: 75.75.75.75 Address: 75.75.75.75#53 Non-authoritative answer: Name: www.iitb.ac.in Address: 103.21.124.10 [kurose@MacBook-Pro-6 ~ % nslookup -type=NS iitb.ac.in Server: 75.75.75.75 Address: 75.75.75.75#53 Non-authoritative answer: iitb.ac.in nameserver = dns1.iitb.ac.in. iitb.ac.in nameserver = dns2.iitb.ac.in. iitb.ac.in nameserver = dns3.iitb.ac.in. Figure 4: using nslookup to find the IP address of www.iitb.ac.in and the names of the authoritative name servers for the iitb.ac.in domain
Akash M.
7. Which fields in the IP datagram always change from one datagram to the next within this series of UDP segments sent by your computer destined to 128.119.245.12, via traceroute? Why? 8. Which fields in this sequence of IP datagrams (containing UDP segments) stay constant? Why? 9. Describe the pattern you see in the values in the Identification field of the IP datagrams being sent by your computer. Now let's take a look at the ICMP packets being returned to your computer by the intervening routers where the TTL value was decremented to zero (and hence caused the ICMP error message to be returned to your computer). The display filter that you can use to show just these packets is "ip.dst==192.168.86.61 and icmp". 10. What is the upper layer protocol specified in the IP datagrams returned from the routers? [Note: the answers for Linux/MacOS differ from Windows here]. 11. Are the values in the Identification fields (across the sequence of all ICMP packets from all routers) similar in behavior to your answer to question 9 above? 12. Are the values of the TTL fields similar across all ICMP packets from all routers?
TCP Protocol The following diagram represents a TCP opening session between two hosts A & B. Use the same diagram and complete drawing the remaining TCP segments given the following scenarios: Scenario 1: Host A sends an HTTP request to Host B and Host B sends an HTTP response. Show the sequence numbers on the TCP segments. The sequence number should continue numbering after the opening session. Scenario 2: Host A sends a second HTTP request to Host B. Host B sends an HTTP response to Host A, but the HTTP response was lost during transmission. Show the sequence numbers on the TCP segments. Scenario 3: Host A sends a third HTTP request to Host B. Host B acknowledges receiving the HTTP request, but the acknowledgement TCP segment was lost. Host A will retransmit the third HTTP request, and this will cause the transport layer at Host B to receive the same third HTTP request segment twice. How will Host B handle the duplicated HTTP request TCP segment? Scenario 4: Host A sends a fourth HTTP request to Host B. Host B received the fourth HTTP request, but it didn't acknowledge it. How will Host A retransmit the fourth HTTP request? Show the sequence number on the TCP segments. Explain what the reason could be for not acknowledging the fourth HTTP request from Host B. NOTE: You need to draw the three scenarios in ONE diagram. Don't draw separate diagrams for each of the scenarios. You must draw other TCP diagrams not mentioned in the exercise (i.e., Closing session). Host A SYN Host B SYN/ACK A1 B1 ACK
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