1. According to most dietary guidelines, what percentage of the day's total energy intake should be furnished by carbohydrates? (a) 10 to 25 (b) 30 to 35 (c) 45 to 65 (d) 90 to 95 2. Which of the following is/are found on the microvilli and function(s) to break apart small nutrients into the final products of digestion? (a) Mucus (b) Micelles (c) Enzymes (d) Hormones 3. Digestion of starches takes place in the small intestine and in the (a) mouth (b) colon (c) stomach (d) pancreas 4. The ingredients on a food label must list ingredients (a) in descending order by weight (b) with most important nutrients first (c) that provide the most nutrient-density last (d) with the most calories at the bottom 5. _______ foods should be consumed during intervals throughout the day. (a) Vitamin-rich (b) Fat-containing (c) Mineral-containing (d) Carbohydrate-containing 6. The study of nutrition is based on (a) sound scientific research (b) anecdotal evidence (c) current nutrition trends (d) research studies funded by food companies
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According to most dietary guidelines, what percentage of the day's total energy intake should be furnished by carbohydrates? Answer: **45\% \text{ to } 65\%** Show more…
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(a) Which releases the most energy when metabolized, 1 $\mathrm{g}$ of carbohydrates or 1 $\mathrm{g}$ of fat? (b) A particular chip snack food is composed of 12$\%$ protein, 14$\%$ fat, and the rest carbohydrate. What percentage of the calorie content of this food is fat? (c) How many grams of protein provide the same fuel value as 25 of fat?
The two major sources of energy in our diets are fats and carbohydrates. Palmitic acid, one of the major components of both animal fats and vegetable oils, belongs to a group of compounds called fatty acids. The metabolism of fatty acids is responsible for the energy from fats. The major carbohydrates in our diets are sucrose (table sugar; Section $19.4 \mathrm{A}$ ) and starch (Section 19.5A). Both starch and sucrose are first converted in the body to glucose, and then glucose is metabolized to produce energy. The heat of combustion of palmitic acid is 2385 kcal/mol, and that of glucose is $670 .$ kcal/mol. Below are unbalanced equations for the metabolism of each body fuel: (a) Balance the equation for the metabolism of each fuel. (b) Calculate the heat of combustion of each in kcal/g. (c) In terms of kcal/mol, which of the two is the better source of energy for the body? (d) In terms of kcal/g, which of the two is the better source of energy for the body?
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