Question

Albert Victoria (1819–1901) Empress Victoria Edward VII Alice of Hesse Helena Princess Christian Leopold Duke of Albany Beatrice Kaiser Wilhelm II George V Princess Irene Frederick (Alexandra) Alix Tsarina Nikolas II Alice of Athlone Victoria Eugenie (wife of Alfonso XIII) Leopold Maurice Above is a partial pedigree of hemophilia in the British Royal Family descended from Queen Victoria, who is believed to be the original carrier of the trait in this pedigree. Hemophilia is an X-linked recessive trait. (a) (3 pts) Analyze the pedigree and indicate any females (by name or pedigree position) who are 100% certain to be carriers. Spouses that are not shown in the pedigree can be assumed to be unaffected and not carriers. (b) (2 pts) What is the probability that Princess Irene is a carrier? Explain briefly. (c) (3 pts) A royal genealogist informs you that they are absolutely certain Helena Princess Christian was NOT a carrier of the hemophilia trait. Based only on the information from this pedigree, do you agree or disagree with the genealogist? Explain briefly. (d) (3 pts) Frederick's sister, Alexandra (also known as Princess Alix of Hesse), married Tsar Nicholas II of Russia. The couple had four daughters - Olga, Tatiana, Maria, and Anastasia (in that order) - followed by a single son, Alexei. Alexei was heir to the Russian throne, but was affected by hemophilia, which some Russians disparagingly referred to as "the English disease," based on its origin with Queen Victoria. Draw the pedigree of this portion of the family. (e) (2 pts) The entire Romanov family was executed by the Bolsheviks during the Russian Revolution on July 17, 1918. However, rumors persisted for many years that one daughter, Anastasia, had escaped the execution and survived [she didn't]. If Anastasia had survived and had a son, what is the probability that he would have been affected with hemophilia? Briefly explain.

          Albert Victoria (1819–1901)
Empress Victoria Edward VII Alice of Hesse Helena Princess Christian Leopold Duke of Albany Beatrice
Kaiser Wilhelm II George V Princess Irene Frederick (Alexandra) Alix Tsarina Nikolas II Alice of Athlone Victoria Eugenie (wife of Alfonso XIII) Leopold Maurice
Above is a partial pedigree of hemophilia in the British Royal Family descended from Queen Victoria, who is believed to be the original carrier of the trait in this pedigree. Hemophilia is an X-linked recessive trait.
(a) (3 pts) Analyze the pedigree and indicate any females (by name or pedigree position) who are 100% certain to be carriers. Spouses that are not shown in the pedigree can be assumed to be unaffected and not carriers.
(b) (2 pts) What is the probability that Princess Irene is a carrier? Explain briefly.
(c) (3 pts) A royal genealogist informs you that they are absolutely certain Helena Princess Christian was NOT a carrier of the hemophilia trait. Based only on the information from this pedigree, do you agree or disagree with the genealogist? Explain briefly.
(d) (3 pts) Frederick's sister, Alexandra (also known as Princess Alix of Hesse), married Tsar Nicholas II of Russia. The couple had four daughters - Olga, Tatiana, Maria, and Anastasia (in that order) - followed by a single son, Alexei. Alexei was heir to the Russian throne, but was affected by hemophilia, which some Russians disparagingly referred to as "the English disease," based on its origin with Queen Victoria. Draw the pedigree of this portion of the family.
(e) (2 pts) The entire Romanov family was executed by the Bolsheviks during the Russian Revolution on July 17, 1918. However, rumors persisted for many years that one daughter, Anastasia, had escaped the execution and survived [she didn't]. If Anastasia had survived and had a son, what is the probability that he would have been affected with hemophilia? Briefly explain.

Albert Victoria (1819–1901)
Empress Victoria Edward VII Alice of Hesse Helena Princess Christian Leopold Duke of Albany Beatrice
Kaiser Wilhelm II George V Princess Irene Frederick (Alexandra) Alix Tsarina Nikolas II Alice of Athlone Victoria Eugenie (wife of Alfonso XIII) Leopold Maurice
Above is a partial pedigree of hemophilia in the British Royal Family descended from Queen Victoria, who is believed to be the original carrier of the trait in this pedigree. Hemophilia is an X-linked recessive trait.
(a) (3 pts) Analyze the pedigree and indicate any females (by name or pedigree position) who are 100% certain to be carriers. Spouses that are not shown in the pedigree can be assumed to be unaffected and not carriers.
(b) (2 pts) What is the probability that Princess Irene is a carrier? Explain briefly.
(c) (3 pts) A royal genealogist informs you that they are absolutely certain Helena Princess Christian was NOT a carrier of the hemophilia trait. Based only on the information from this pedigree, do you agree or disagree with the genealogist? Explain briefly.
(d) (3 pts) Frederick's sister, Alexandra (also known as Princess Alix of Hesse), married Tsar Nicholas II of Russia. The couple had four daughters - Olga, Tatiana, Maria, and Anastasia (in that order) - followed by a single son, Alexei. Alexei was heir to the Russian throne, but was affected by hemophilia, which some Russians disparagingly referred to as "the English disease," based on its origin with Queen Victoria. Draw the pedigree of this portion of the family.
(e) (2 pts) The entire Romanov family was executed by the Bolsheviks during the Russian Revolution on July 17, 1918. However, rumors persisted for many years that one daughter, Anastasia, had escaped the execution and survived [she didn't]. If Anastasia had survived and had a son, what is the probability that he would have been affected with hemophilia? Briefly explain.

Added by Natalia G.

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