An increase in ______ for a drug would cause that drug to more rapidly reach the brain. metabolism of the drug via the liver lipid solubility water solubility receptor binding of the drug in blood, bone, and fat kidney excretion
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19) Which of the following drug characteristics would lead to the best absorption and bioavailability following PO administration? a) A weak acid b) A weak base c) A hydrophilic CYP450 substrate d) An MDR transporter substrate 20) Why does drinking water increase the rate of drug excretion? a) It changes significantly the pH within the kidney lumen b) It dilutes the drug in the blood, preventing distribution to the kidney lumen c) It dilutes the drug in the kidney lumen, preventing reabsorption to the blood d) It increases water solubility of the drug, preventing distribution 21) Which of the following statements is TRUE? a) A drug administered to the oral mucosa will undergo first pass metabolism b) A higher affinity partial agonist inhibits the effects of a full agonist c) A noncompetitive antagonist can decrease the binding of drug to target but not the activation of target d) The presence of spare receptors decreases the Kd of the ligand for the receptor
Sri K.
Which of the following is not considered a fundamental component of pharmacokinetics? - Drug elimination - Drug absorption - Down regulation of drug receptors - Drug distribution - Drug metabolism In an obese patient, would the dose of a fat-soluble drug be increased or decreased, and why? - Decreased due to added stress on the kidneys - Increased due to slow rate of absorption - Decreased due to lower amounts bound to serum proteins - Decreased due to the weight of the individual - Increased due to an increase in the volume of distribution
Adi S.
In general, drugs that are highly bound to plasma proteins have increased overall drug clearance. For a drug that is metabolized mainly by the liver, binding to plasma proteins prevents the drug from entering the hepatocytes, resulting in increased drug metabolism by the liver. Protein-bound drugs act as larger molecules that cannot diffuse easily through the capillary membranes in the glomeruli, thereby preventing the biliary excretion of the drug. The elimination half-lives of some drugs, such as the cephalosporins, which are excreted mainly by renal excretion, are generally decreased when the percentage of drug bound to plasma proteins increases.
Suman K.
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