11. The light-dependent reaction takes place a. outside the chloroplast. b. inside the chloroplast. c. on the thylakoid membrane. d. in the stroma. e. inside the granum. 12. O2 produced by the light-dependent reaction is a. concentrated for later use. b. lost as a waste product. c. part of the light-independent reaction. d. used to make carbohydrates. e. None of these. 13. The Light-Dependent Reactions rely on all of these EXCEPT a. chemiosmosis. b. P680. c. CO2. d. H2O. e. photons. 14. Photosynthesis seems to have processes that are similar to aerobic respiration. The Light-Dependent Reactions are like a. pyruvate oxidation. b. oxidative phosphorylation. c. the Krebs Cycle. d. glycolysis. e. None of these. 15. The Calvin cycle assimilates CO2 with a. ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP). b. phosphoglycerate (PGA). c. bisphosphoglycerate (bPGA). d. glyceraldehyde phosphate (G3P). e. rubisco. 16. The process of carbon assimilation is cyclic because a. energy is required. b. ATP is used. c. no membranes are involved. d. it occurs in the stroma. e. RuBP is regenerated. 17. The Calvin cycle produces a. phosphoglycerate (PGA). b. pyruvate. c. glycogen. d. glyeraldehyde phosphate (G3P). e. RuBP. 18. How many NADPH are required by the Calvin cycle to produce 2 molecules of G3P that can be used to make glucose? a. 2 b. 6 c. 12 d. 18 e. 24 19. How many CO2 molecules are added to the Calvin cycle to make one glucose? a. 2 b. 3 c. 6 d. 12 e. 18 20. Fixing CO2 requires the action of the enzyme a. b6-f complex. b. synthase. c. rubisco. d. carotenase. e. cytochrome oxidase complex.
Added by Nieves M.
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11) Which of these is NOT necessary for the Calvin Cycle? A) NADPH B) Oxygen C) ATP D) Carbon Dioxide 12) Carbon Dioxide: A) is an input to the electron transport chain. B) is an input to the Calvin Cycle C) is an input to the light reaction D) is produced by ATP synthase. 13) The water-splitting reaction during photosynthesis: A) reduces NADP+ B) produces all free oxygen on Earth. C) produces ATP D) replaces electrons lost from photosystem II. E) B and D F) A and C. 14) When a carbon-containing molecule is oxidized, the molecule: A) gains electrons. B) loses electrons. C) gains potential chemical energy. D) loses potential chemical energy. E) A and C F) B and D 15) What is the net gain of ATP molecules in glycolysis? A) one ATP/Glucose B) two ATP/Glucose C) three ATP/Glucose D) four ATP/Glucose 16) Pyruvate is converted to Acetyl-Coenzyme A: A) during glycolysis B) in the electron transport chain. C) in the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. D) in the citric acid cycle. 17) Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is a product of which step in glycolysis? A) Energy Investment Step B) The Cleavage Step C) The Energy Generation Step D) The Citric Acid Cycle 18) Which of the following is a product of The Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex A) NADH B) Carbon Dioxide C) Acetyl-CoA D) all of these are products. 19) Photosystem I and II are located: A) in the cytoplasm of the cell. B) in the outer membrane of the chloroplast. C) the inner membrane of the chloroplast. D) the stroma of the chloroplast. E) the thylakoid membranes. 20) Which of the following is NOT a function of the Citric Acid Cycle (CAC)? A) The CAC provides many precursor molecules for other biochemical pathways in the cell. B) The CAC pumps protons. C) The CAC fully oxidizes an acetyl group from Acetyl-CoA. D) The CAC makes GTP
Imaan A.
Both the light reactions and the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis occur in the chloroplast. They synthesize ATP and use NADPH. The statement that is false about photosynthesis is that CO2 is taken in and water and O2 are released through stomata. Land plants take up water from the soil and use it in photosynthesis. Light is necessary for the production of O2 and carbohydrates. Photosynthesis is not the reverse of cellular respiration. All the O2 gas produced during photosynthesis does not come from water. When RuBP reacts with O2, it cannot react with CO2. Net carbon fixation decreases by 25 percent. Plant growth is not stimulated. Two carbon molecules do not combine to form the four-carbon phosphoglycolate. After one turn of the Calvin cycle, the G3P feedback does not inhibit the activity of rubisco. About one-sixth of the G3P molecules are not converted into sugars. All G3P molecules are not converted into sugars. The G3P is not metabolized using photorespiration. One-third of the G3P molecules are not used to regenerate RuBP.
Josee P.
In an insightful experiment performed in the 1960 s, chloroplasts were first soaked in an acidic solution at $\mathrm{pH} 4$ so that the stroma and thylakoid space became acidified (Figure $Q 14-17$ ). They were then transferred to a basic solution $(\mathrm{pH} 8)$. This quickly increased the $\mathrm{pH}$ of the stroma to $8,$ while the thylakoid space temporarily remained at $\mathrm{pH} 4 .$ A burst of ATP synthesis was observed, and the pH difference between the thylakoid and the stroma then disappeared. A. Explain why these conditions lead to ATP synthesis. B. Is light needed for the experiment to work? C. What would happen if the solutions were switched so that the first incubation is in the pH 8 solution and the second one in the pH 4 solution? D. Does the experiment support or question the chemiosmotic model? Explain your answers.
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