Aspirin can be made in the laboratory by reacting acetic...

Aspirin can be made in the laboratory by reacting acetic anhydride (C4H6O3) with salicylic acid (C7H6O3) to form aspirin (C9H8O4) and acetic acid (C2H4O2). The balanced equation is: C4H6O3 + C7H6O3-C9H8O4 + C2H4O2 In a laboratory synthesis, a student begins with 3.00 mL of acetic anhydride (density = 1.08 g>mL) and 1.25 g of salicylic acid. Once the reaction is complete, the student collects 1.22 g of aspirin. Determine the limiting reactant, theoretical yield of aspirin, and percent yield for the reaction.

Transcript

00:01 So for the first part of this question, we're trying to find the limiting reagent.

00:04 So first, we're going to figure out if we use up all of the acetic anhydrin, how much aspirin would be produced.

00:13 And then we would calculate if we used up all of the salicylic acid, how much aspirin would be produced.

00:21 And from there, we can figure out the limiting reagent and the theoretical yield.

00:28 So first, let's figure out how much aspirin is produced with three mils of acetic anhydrin.

00:36 So in order to compare the amounts of the acetic anhydride to aspirin, we use the molar ratio given to us by the coefficients of the equation.

00:46 So that means we have to get these into moles.

00:50 So first, we have to convert these milliliters into grams by using the density, and then we'll convert grams into moles by using the molar mass.

00:59 So we have three milliliters.

01:03 I'm just going to abbreviate it as aa for, we'll call this aa for acetic anhydride to make it less clutter.

01:14 We convert it into grams by taking its density, which is 1 .08 grams for every one mil.

01:23 Then we convert grams into moles by taking it times its molar mass, which is 102 grams per mole.

01:33 So for every one mole, we have 102 grams.

01:40 Then we compare moles by looking at the reaction.

01:44 We have each compound has a coefficient of one.

01:49 So that means that for every one mole of, i'll put asp for aspirin, we have one mole of acetic anhydride.

02:04 And this will tell us how many moles of aspirin are produced if we have three mils of acetic anhydride.

02:10 So milliliters cancel with milliliters, grams cancel with grams, moles will cancel with moles.

02:16 Type that into your calculator.

02:18 Three times 1 .08 divided by 102 times one is going to be 0 .0318 moles of aspirin.

02:32 Now we're going to do the same thing with our salicylic acid.

02:37 So we start out with 1 .25 grams.

02:41 We call this sa of salicylic acid...

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