ATP synthase is the enzyme cells use to generate energy (in the form of ATP). In bacterial cells, ATP synthases are found in the plasma membrane. In eukaryotic cells, ATP synthases are found in the ____. A. cell plasma membrane B. nuclear membrane C. mitochondria D. endomembrane system
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Aerobic respiration in eukaryotes involves the protein complex ATP synthase. Select the most appropriate statement regarding the location and function of ATP synthase: ATP synthase is found in the cell wall of mitochondria and produces ATP as protons flow through the plasma membrane into the mitochondrial matrix. ATP synthase, located at the mitochondrial inner membrane, catalyses synthesis of ATP driven by a proton gradient, whereby protons that have been pumped into the inner membrane space move through ATP synthase back into the mitochondrial matrix. ATP synthase is found inside the mitochondrial matrix where movement of protons in the matrix drive ATP synthesis. ATP synthase, located at the mitochondrial inner membrane, pumps protons from the mitochondrial matrix into the inner membrane space. ATP synthase is found embedded in the inner membrane of mitochondria and facilitates the synthesis of ATP using an electrochemical gradient created by differential proton concentration [H+], with high [H+] in the matrix and low [H+] in the inner membrane space.
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ATP synthase enzymes are found in the prokaryotic plasma membrane and in the inner membrane of a mitochondrion. What does this suggest about the evolutionary relationship of this eukaryotic organelle to prokaryotes?
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ATP synthases are found in the prokaryotic plasma membrane and in mitochondria and chloroplasts. (a) Propose a hypothesis to account for an evolutionary relationship of these eukaryotic organelles and prokaryotes. (b) Explain how the amino acid sequences of the ATP synthases from the different sources might either support or fail to support your hypothesis.
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