Autonomic hyperreflexia is often caused by: pain stimulation below the level of the spinal cord lesion. bowel or bladder emptying. stress and anxiety. dehydration.
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It is characterized by an exaggerated sympathetic nervous system response to noxious stimuli below the level of the spinal cord lesion. Show more…
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Smooth muscle in the urinary bladder contracts due to stimuli from parasympathetic neurons from the spinal cord innervating the urinary bladder, sympathetic neurons from the spinal cord innervating the urinary bladder, ascending spinal pathways, cerebral cortex, somatic motor neurons innervating the bladder, and neurons from the urinary bladder sacral region.
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