base analogs lead to mutations because ___. Group of answer choices They poison DNA repair enzymes They break the DNA (shearing phosphodiester backbone) They are structurally similar to the standard DNA bases and can alter DNA base-pairing during replication
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Step 1: Base analogs are chemicals that are structurally similar to the standard DNA bases. Show more…
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Base analogs may cause mutations because they remove amino groups from bases, causing them to pair with the wrong base during replication. They insert themselves between adjacent bases on the DNA strand and cause an extra base to be inserted during replication. Both they modify the chemical structure and properties of the normal base and they remove amino groups from bases, causing them to pair with the wrong base during replication. They modify the chemical structure and properties of the normal base. They may exist in alternate chemical states that pair with different DNA bases than the normal state during replication.
Adi S.
Mutations are the original source of genetic variation. In your own words, how can mutations accumulate in DNA, given that cells have repair systems that fix mis-paired nucleotides or breaks in DNA strands?
Madhur L.
DNA damage interferes with DNA replication. X-rays can generate hydroxyl radicals that are very reactive and can make a nick in one or both strands. UV light creates dimers between adjacent thymines in the same DNA strand: Thymine dimers interfere with DNA polymerase's ability to copy the DNA. If not repaired, these mutations can have serious consequences when the replication fork encounters either a nick or a thymine dimer in the leading and lagging strands. Refer to the figure to the right.
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