Which of the following is incorrect about the tyrosine kinase signaling pathway? Select one: a. Activation of the receptor involves dimerization and auto-phosphorylation b. Receptor activation is triggered by binding of the hormone insulin c. Receptor activation is triggered by binding of the hormone epinephrine (adrenaline) d. This type of signaling pathway involves a tyrosine kinase receptor Which of the following is incorrect? Select one: a. The chair conformation of a cyclic monosaccharide is more stable than the boat conformation because the bulky groups occupy equatorial positions b. Haworth projections are commonly used to show the cyclic forms of monosaccharides c. Haworth projections show the true conformations of the cyclic forms of monosaccharides d. The boat and chair conformations of cyclic monosaccharides are realistic representations All of the following proteins associate with membranes, except: Select one: a. Peripheral membrane proteins b. Fibrous proteins c. Lipid-linked proteins d. Integral membrane proteins Which of the following is incorrect about membrane transport? Select one: a. It can be passive b. It can be through proteins called channels, pores or transporters c. It can be active d. Active transport does not require energy Which of the following is incorrect? Select one: a. Waxes function as waterproofing agents b. Arachidonic acid is the precursor of the eicosanoids (like prostaglandins) c. Arachidonic acid is a polyunsaturated fatty acid d. Waxes are ethers made from a fatty acid and a very long alcohol
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Which of the following is incorrect about the tyrosine kinase signaling pathway? The correct answer is c. Receptor activation is triggered by binding of the hormone epinephrine (adrenaline). The tyrosine kinase signaling pathway is not triggered by epinephrine, Show more…
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1 Which of the following statements about the superfamily of G-protein coupled receptors is INCORRECT? [2 marks] A They are coupled to heterotrimeric G-proteins in their signal transduction pathway B They mediate their responses by producing a second messenger C Their ligands act on the receptor from the extracellular side of the membrane, without crossing the cell membrane D They are found inside cells E They mediate actions that are relatively fast, but slower than ligand-gated ion channels Background for Q2 Insulin acts on cells in the body by stimulating the insulin receptor, which is a member of the tyrosine kinase-linked receptor family. 2 Which of the following is a property of this family of receptors? [2 marks] A When insulin binds, its receptor forms a dimer and sets off a cascade of phosphorylation of target proteins B Phosphorylation events as a result of insulin receptor stimulation always cause inactivation of the target proteins C The cellular response to stimulation of insulin receptors is slower than the response to stimulation of steroid receptors D Substrates for this family of receptors must be lipid soluble because the receptors are located intracellularly E Insulin receptors have seven transmembrane spanning domains
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Which of the following statements about signal transduction pathways is incorrect? Select one: a. The first messenger is typically a hormone or neurotransmitter. b. Cells have receptors at their surface that can bind first messengers. c. Second messengers can be small water-soluble molecules or lipids in the membrane. d. Activation of protein kinases causes degradation of enzymes to reduce their activity. e. Protein kinases phosphorylate specific serine or threonine residues occurring in the target enzyme. Which of the following is not a step in lipid digestion? Select one: a. Emulsification of lipids in the intestine by bile salts. b. Release of pancreatic lipases. c. Beta-oxidation of fatty acids by brush-border lipases. d. Transport of free fatty acids into epithelial cells. e. Resynthesis of triacylglycerols and incorporation into chylomicrons.
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Choose one of the following terms to match the description given in statements (1)–(17). All of the following pertain to proteins or carbohydrates. a. aldohexose b. saliva c. cellulose d. $\mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{O}$ e. cysteine f. denaturation g. disaccharides h. disulfide i. globular j. glycogen k. glycoside linkage 1. hydrophobic m. ketohexoses n. oxytocin o. pleated sheet p. polypeptide q. primary structure (1) polymer consisting of many amino acids (2) linkage that forms between two cysteine species (3) peptide hormone that triggers milk secretion (4) proteins with roughly spherical shape (5) sequence of amino acids in a protein (6) silk protein secondary structure (7) water-repelling amino acid side chain (8) amino acid responsible for permanent wave in hair (9) breakdown of a protein’s tertiary and/or secondary structure (10) animal polymer of glucose (11) OCOOOCO bond between rings in disaccharide sugars (12) empirical formula leading to the name carbohydrate (13) where enzymes catalyzing the breakdown of glycoside linkages are found (14) six-carbon ketone sugars (15) structural component of plants, polymer of glucose (16) sugars consisting of two monomer units (17) six-carbon aldehyde sugars
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