Question

Case Studies These cases will be discussed together in lab with your instructor. Answer the questions as part of the report. 1. A 93 year old female is transported to the emergency department from her nursing home because of dangerously low blood pressure. She is bedridden because of advanced dementia from Alzheimer's disease. She is no longer verbal. The nurses' notes from the nursing home say she has had severe diarrhea for several days and is not taking in much fluid or food orally. Her blood pressure is very low at 80/55, with normal being about 120/80. Her serum (blood) sodium is high at 160, with normal being about 140. Do you expect her blood osmolality to be high, low, or normal? Why is her serum sodium high? What kind of IV solution would you give her and why? 2. A patient comes in to the emergency department with severe confusion and headache. She is a healthy 25 year old who ran her first marathon today. The day was hot and she was coached by her friends to "stay hydrated" during the race. She sweated profusely and drank lots of water. Towards the end of the run she became very confused. She fell down. Although she did not lose consciousness, she was unable to get up without assistance. Her friends brought her to the ED immediately. Do you expect her blood osmolality to be high, low, or normal? What about her serum sodium? Why do you think she is confused? What kind of IV solution would you give her and why?

          Case Studies
These cases will be discussed together in lab with your instructor. Answer the questions as part
of the report.
1. A 93 year old female is transported to the emergency department from her nursing home
because of dangerously low blood pressure. She is bedridden because of advanced dementia
from Alzheimer's disease. She is no longer verbal. The nurses' notes from the nursing home say
she has had severe diarrhea for several days and is not taking in much fluid or food orally. Her
blood pressure is very low at 80/55, with normal being about 120/80. Her serum (blood) sodium
is high at 160, with normal being about 140. Do you expect her blood osmolality to be high, low,
or normal? Why is her serum sodium high? What kind of IV solution would you give her and why?
2. A patient comes in to the emergency department with severe confusion and headache. She is
a healthy 25 year old who ran her first marathon today. The day was hot and she was coached
by her friends to "stay hydrated" during the race. She sweated profusely and drank lots of water.
Towards the end of the run she became very confused. She fell down. Although she did not
lose consciousness, she was unable to get up without assistance. Her friends brought her to the
ED immediately. Do you expect her blood osmolality to be high, low, or normal? What about
her serum sodium? Why do you think she is confused? What kind of IV solution would you give
her and why?

Case Studies
These cases will be discussed together in lab with your instructor. Answer the questions as part
of the report.
1. A 93 year old female is transported to the emergency department from her nursing home
because of dangerously low blood pressure. She is bedridden because of advanced dementia
from Alzheimer's disease. She is no longer verbal. The nurses' notes from the nursing home say
she has had severe diarrhea for several days and is not taking in much fluid or food orally. Her
blood pressure is very low at 80/55, with normal being about 120/80. Her serum (blood) sodium
is high at 160, with normal being about 140. Do you expect her blood osmolality to be high, low,
or normal? Why is her serum sodium high? What kind of IV solution would you give her and why?
2. A patient comes in to the emergency department with severe confusion and headache. She is
a healthy 25 year old who ran her first marathon today. The day was hot and she was coached
by her friends to "stay hydrated" during the race. She sweated profusely and drank lots of water.
Towards the end of the run she became very confused. She fell down. Although she did not
lose consciousness, she was unable to get up without assistance. Her friends brought her to the
ED immediately. Do you expect her blood osmolality to be high, low, or normal? What about
her serum sodium? Why do you think she is confused? What kind of IV solution would you give
her and why?

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