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Case Study: John is 63 years old and receives home care by an occupational therapist twice a week. His therapist is currently working with John on maintaining joint flexibility and balance. John demonstrates resting tremor, so his therapist is also working on adaptive techniques, so John can continue to use his hands to write, use the computer, and cook simple meals. John's wife assists with his mobility and walks slowly beside him, holding his arm. Sometimes she needs to help him open his prescription bottles, so he can take his medicine, a combination of levodopa and carbidopa 1. One of John's signs is resting tremor. What is the difference between a resting tremor and an intention tremor? 2. What is the advantage of combining levodopa with carbidopa? What is the benefit of anticholinergic drugs in the management of Parkinson disease? 3. The patient with Parkinson disease typically presents with a masklike facial expression. Why does he or she have a masklike facial expression? How are the eyes, mouth, and laryngopharynx affected by this disease?

          Case Study:

John is 63 years old and receives home care by an occupational therapist twice a week. His therapist is currently working with John on maintaining joint flexibility and balance. John demonstrates resting tremor, so his therapist is also working on adaptive techniques, so John can continue to use his hands to write, use the computer, and cook simple meals. John's wife assists with his mobility and walks slowly beside him, holding his arm. Sometimes she needs to help him open his prescription bottles, so he can take his medicine, a combination of levodopa and carbidopa

1. One of John's signs is resting tremor. What is the difference between a resting tremor and an intention tremor?

2. What is the advantage of combining levodopa with carbidopa? What is the benefit of anticholinergic drugs in the management of Parkinson disease?

3. The patient with Parkinson disease typically presents with a masklike facial expression. Why does he or she have a masklike facial expression? How are the eyes, mouth, and laryngopharynx affected by this disease?

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Case Study:

John is 63 years old and receives home care by an occupational therapist twice a week. His therapist is currently working with John on maintaining joint flexibility and balance. John demonstrates resting tremor, so his therapist is also working on adaptive techniques, so John can continue to use his hands to write, use the computer, and cook simple meals. John's wife assists with his mobility and walks slowly beside him, holding his arm. Sometimes she needs to help him open his prescription bottles, so he can take his medicine, a combination of levodopa and carbidopa

1. One of John's signs is resting tremor. What is the difference between a resting tremor and an intention tremor?

2. What is the advantage of combining levodopa with carbidopa? What is the benefit of anticholinergic drugs in the management of Parkinson disease?

3. The patient with Parkinson disease typically presents with a masklike facial expression. Why does he or she have a masklike facial expression? How are the eyes, mouth, and laryngopharynx affected by this disease?

Added by Charles W.

Biology for AP Courses

Julianne Zedalis, John Eggebrecht

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Solved by Expert Adi S

06/30/2022

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Case Study: John is 63 years old and receives home care by an occupational therapist twice a week. His therapist is currently working with John on maintaining joint flexibility and balance. John demonstrates resting tremor, so his therapist is also working on adaptive techniques so John can continue to use his hands to write, use the computer, and cook simple meals. John's wife assists with his mobility and walks slowly beside him, holding his arm. Sometimes she needs to help him open his prescription bottles so he can take his medicine, a combination of levodopa and carbidopa. 1. One of John's signs is resting tremor. What is the difference between a resting tremor and an intention tremor? 2. What is the advantage of combining levodopa with carbidopa? What is the benefit of anticholinergic drugs in the management of Parkinson disease? 3. The patient with Parkinson disease typically presents with a masklike facial expression. Why does he or she have a masklike facial expression? How are the eyes, mouth, and laryngopharynx affected by this disease?

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Transcript

00:01 So here we are going to start with part a and here we are going to talk about a type of drugs which are known as anti -colonogic drugs.

00:09 These type of drugs are basically used to decrease the signs and we can say specifically different symptoms and thereby it basically allow a self -care in the patients and increase the quality of life.

00:24 And these drugs basically have benefits such as it reduces the tremor along with that it also reduces rigidity.

00:35 But when we talk about a particular drug here which is cinnamet, synomate is basically a combination of two drugs which is levodopa and carbidopa.

00:48 So these two are basically very important because they are associated with the immediate and the controlled release of the drug and also help to improve the motor functions in the patients.

00:59 And the benefits of the combination of drug basically help to prevent the wearing of phenomena.

01:05 So, wearing of phenomena is prevented by using this particular drug.

01:11 And this can also, if this phenomena is not reduced, then it can impact disc kiniosis and it can affect the mobility of the person as well.

01:20 When we talk about part b, here we are going to talk about a very important disease.

01:25 Which is the parkinson's disease.

01:28 Parkinson's disease is now the range of this disease is increasing.

01:32 It is also known as pd and the person who basically suffer from pdx basically shows a type of expression which is known as a mask -like expression and this expression is observed in these due to the motor symptoms of the parkinson's disease.

01:48 And not all the people which suffer from parkinson's disease suffer this, but there are certain people which, have this mask -like expression and if they have mask -like expression they have less facial expression.

02:04 So there is problem with the motor neurons and because of that the facial movements are being reduced and it appears less animated and the scientific term for this mask -like appearance is the scientific term is hypomemia and it basically hypomemia means a reduction in the expression of the face and it is basically marked by the diminished animation and it also affects the facial muscles...

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