Cell division in eukaryotes includes interphase, mitosis and cytokinesis Define these overall processes.
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It is divided into three sub-phases: G1 (Gap 1), S (Synthesis), and G2 (Gap 2). During G1, the cell grows and synthesizes proteins necessary for DNA replication. In the S phase, the cell replicates its DNA, resulting in two identical sets of chromosomes. In G2, Show more…
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1. In eukaryotes, cytokinesis involves which of following processes? Select all that apply. a. telophase b. cleavage furrow c. cell plate formation d. centrosome duplication 2. Why would a eukaryotic cell undergo mitosis? Select all that apply. a. gamete formation b. repair c. asexual reproduction d. growth 3. Which TWO of the following phases make up the entire eukaryotic cell cycle? a. interphase b. first gap (G1) phase c. synthesis (s) phase d. cytokinesis e. mitosis (m) phase
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The cell cycle encompasses three major processes; interphase, mitosis and cytokinesis. Interphase is then further divided in to three phases to ensure the cell progresses toward proper replication and division. Cyclin and CDKs (cyclin dependent kinases) are integral to this process. Which best describes the relationship between Cyclin and CDKs with the cell cycle?
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PART I: THE CELL CYCLE The cell cycle is a series of events that occur in a specific order to facilitate cell division. Bacterial cells, archaebacterial cells, and even some cellular organelles (mitochondria and chloroplasts) undergo a process called binary fission, where one cell divides into two identical daughter cells. In eukaryotes, the cell cycle is divided into three phases: interphase, (M)-phase, and cytokinesis. Each phase accounts for specific reasons that help drive the progression of the eukaryotic cell cycle. Below is a short description of what occurs during each phase: 1. Interphase: This is the longest phase of the cell cycle and can be further divided into three sub-phases: G1, S, and G2. During G1, the cell grows and carries out its normal functions. In the S phase, DNA replication occurs, resulting in the duplication of the cell's genetic material. Finally, during G2, the cell prepares for cell division by synthesizing proteins and organelles. 2. (M)-phase: This phase is also known as mitosis and is further divided into four stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During prophase, the chromatin condenses into chromosomes, and the nuclear envelope breaks down. In metaphase, the chromosomes align at the center of the cell. Anaphase is characterized by the separation of sister chromatids, which are pulled towards opposite poles of the cell. Finally, during telophase, the nuclear envelope reforms, and the chromosomes decondense. 3. Cytokinesis: This is the final stage of the cell cycle, where the cytoplasm divides, resulting in the formation of two daughter cells. In animal cells, a cleavage furrow forms, which pinches the cell in two. In plant cells, a cell plate forms, which eventually develops into a new cell wall.
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