Central nervous system (CNS) • Brain and spinal cord ? Integrative and control centers Peripheral nervous system (PNS) • Cranial nerves and spinal nerves ? Communication lines between the CNS and the rest of the body Sensory (afferent) division • Somatic and visceral sensory nerve fibers ? Conducts impulses from receptors to the CNS Motor (efferent) division • Motor nerve fibers ? Conducts impulses from the CNS to effectors (muscles and glands) Somatic nervous system • Somatic (voluntary) motor nerve fibers ? Conducts impulses from the CNS to skeletal muscles Autonomic nervous system (ANS) • Visceral (involuntary) motor nerve fibers ? Conducts impulses from the CNS to cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and glands Sympathetic division ? Mobilizes body systems during activity Parasympathetic division ? Conserves energy ? Promotes housekeeping functions during rest
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It is responsible for integrating and controlling the body's functions. The peripheral nervous system (PNS) includes the cranial nerves and spinal nerves. It serves as the communication lines between the CNS and the rest of the body. The autonomic nervous system Show more…
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The parasympathetic nervous system is characterized by long postganglionic axons and the absence of preganglionic fibers. Short postganglionic axons innervate organs within the body, while short preganglionic axons are located near the spinal cord. Sympathetic preganglionic axons can synapse with cells in the adrenal cortex, either in the chain or collateral ganglia. They can also synapse in parasympathetic ganglia, tenina ganglia, or the dorsal root ganglion. The celiac, superior mesenteric, and inferior mesenteric ganglia are collateral parasympathetic chain ganglia. Stimulation of the postganglionic cells of the adrenal medulla leads to the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine, as well as cortisol. The vagus nerve carries parasympathetic impulses to the thyroid gland, lacrimal glands, salivary glands, and smooth muscle of the eyes.
Adi S.
1. The central nervous system consists of the _______ and _______. 2. _______ are highly branched structures found on neurons that receive impulses. 3. _______ is a fatty substance that acts as insulation for many axons. 4. List the meninges in order from outer layer to inner layer: a. _______ b. _______ c. _______ d. _______ e. _______ 5. The _______ lobe of the cerebrum controls vision. 6. The elevated portions of the cerebral convolutions are called _______ and they are separated by fissures called _______. 7. The midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata make up the _______. 8. Pain perception is controlled by the _______. 9. The point at which a nerve is attached to the central nervous system is called the _______ 10. The _______ branch of the ANS is the "fight-or-flight" branch and the _______ branch of the ANS is the "rest-and-digest" branch.
Which branch of the nervous system controls smooth muscle function? Group of answer choices: No answer text provided. central nervous system visceral efferent system autonomic nervous system Which of these is the long slender process that sends nerve impulses away from the cell body and towards the postsynaptic cell? Group of answer choices: dendrite axon neurotubule neuron terminal Which region of the brain oversees the posture muscles of the body and makes rapid adjustments to maintain balance and equilibrium? Group of answer choices: cerebellum cerebrum medulla oblongata limbic system The highest levels of information processing occur in the: Group of answer choices: cerebrum medulla oblongata hypothalamus thalamus This part of the brain controls the anterior pituitary gland and controls thirst, body temperature, and other homeostatic parameters: Group of answer choices: occipital lobes cerebellum hypothalamus brain stem
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