Ch 14) Water-soluble vitamins are stored in body tissues which allows for consumption of deficient diets over a longer period of time. True False
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Due to their chemical structure, water-soluble vitamins are able to remain in the body's system for an extended period of time. a. True b. False 2. Which of the following does not affect a nutrient's quality? a. Cooking b. The nutrient's source c. An individual's recent infection d. None of the above 3. The most effective nutrition intervention is: a. Supplementation b. Fortification c. Structural change d. Dependent on the characteristics of the population 4. Playing an essential role in blood clotting and bone formation, Vitamin K is synthesized in the body by intestinal bacteria. a. True b. False
Adi S.
A person living in a tropical environment could conceivably receive enough of this vitamin without having to eat any food sources of it: a. Vitamin A c. Vitamin C b. Vitamin B12 d. Vitamin D 2. Which of the following maternal deficiencies could result in an infant being born with a neural tube defect? a. Thiamine c. Vitamin K b. Niacin d. Folate 3. The use of this vitamin as an LDL-cholesterol lowering (and HDL increasing) drug is often complicated by its painful "flushing" of the skin. a. Niacin c. Vitamin B6 b. Vitamin B12 d. Thiamine 4. True statements about water-soluble vitamins include: a. They are not stored in the body to any great extent b. They are easily excreted in the urine c. They have a high risk for immediate toxicities d. Responses a and b e. Responses b and c 5. The vitamin D deficiency disease in children is known as: a. Osteomalacia c. Rickets b. Pellagra d. Osteoporosis
Sri K.
In Chapter 8 (The Water Soluble Vitamins), section 8.1 (What are Vitamins), discusses Absorption, Storage, and Excretion of Vitamins, both water- and fat-soluble. How readily a vitamin can be absorbed and utilized by the body is called its bioavailability. Fat-soluble vitamins require fat in the diet for absorption while water-soluble vitamins, which include all B vitamins and vitamin C, dissolve in water and depend on energy-requiring transport systems or need to be bound to specific molecules in the GI tract in order to be absorbed in the small intestine. Once absorbed into the blood, vitamins must be transported to the cells, mostly by being bound to transport proteins for transport. Fat-soluble vitamins, which include vitamins A, D, E, and K, are incorporated into chylomicrons for transport from the intestine. With the exception of vitamin B12, the water-soluble vitamins are easily excreted from the body in the urine. In contrast, fat-soluble vitamins are stored in the liver and adipose tissue and cannot be excreted in the urine. Therefore, it takes longer to develop a deficiency of fat-soluble vitamins when no longer provided in the diet. Because they are not stored to any great extent, supplies of water-soluble vitamins are rapidly depleted and must be consumed regularly in the diet, even though it may take more than a few days to develop deficiency symptoms, even if absent from the diet.
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