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Okay, this question here says, respond the following questions.
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First it says, define the following terms.
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You have many terms here.
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The first term is inheritance.
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So inheritance refers to the process by which genetic information, it means traits for example, traits, characteristic or genes, is passed from one generation, from one generation to the next generation.
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It usually occurs from parents to offspring.
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And it involves the transmission of genetic material from one organism to its offspring.
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So the next term is chromosomes.
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Chromosomes are thread -like structures found in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells that carry genetic information in the form of dna.
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So your chromosomes are actually something like this.
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This is the center mirror, okay? and within your chromosomes you have all the dna that you have.
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So they contain genes because genes are segments of dna, which are the units of heredity responsible for encoding specific traits.
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Then you have homologous.
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So homologous refers to structures or sequences that are similar because they share a common ancestry.
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In genetics, homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes.
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It means one from each parent that contains the same genes at the same loci.
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Also, the alleles may differ.
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For example, this is one chromosome, and this is its homologous chromosome.
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Because humans like us have two copies of the same chromosome.
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For example, as you may know, we have 46 chromosomes, but these 46 chromosomes are arranged in pairs.
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It means we have 23 pairs of chromosomes.
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For example, this is, let's suppose, chromosome or pair number 2020.
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So we have two chromosomes because one comes from the mother and one comes from the father.
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And they are homologous because at the same position, they have the same genes, okay? for example, let's suppose here.
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Let's suppose that this gene encodes for eye color.
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So as they are homologous, they are at the same position, you're gonna have the gene for eye color.
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But it doesn't mean that both of them are going to code for the same dna, if you want to say that, like that, because you have alleles, okay? alleles are different versions of the same gene.
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It means this gene here can code for maybe a blue eye color, but this gene here can code for black eyes color.
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So even when they have the same gene because they are homologous, they have different alleles because they are coding for different phenotypes, okay? now, the next term is karyotype.
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A karyotype is a visual representation or image of an individual's complete set of chromosomes organized by size, shape, and other characteristics.
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And it is used to diagnose genetic disorders and assess chromosomal abnormalities.
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Then you have loci.
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So loci is like this, okay? the singular term for this loci is locus, the plural is loci.
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Loci are specific positions or locations of a chromosome where a particular gene or genetic marker is located, and each gene has its own locus or a chromosome.
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As you can see here, these lines that i represented here are locus, okay? or loci.
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Now, the next term is allele.
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So i already gave an example of alleles.
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In this case, alleles are one of the alternative forms of a gene that can occupy a specific locus or a chromosome.
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Alleles can vary in sequence and can result in different tastes or characteristics.
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Then you have genotype.
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So genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, specifically the combination of alleles at a given set of loci or for a particular trait...