Primary meiotic
Secondary meiotic
Meiosis in human females initiates during the development of the fetus. In the fetal ovaries, all of the diploid cells begin meiosis but cease development in prophase.
Primary oocytes
Menstrual cycle
With puberty and the initiation of the menstrual cycle, the primary oocyte completes meiosis and finishes the first meiotic division as two cells, each of which is duplicated although the chromosomes are still duplicated.
2n zygote
Secondary oocyte
Duplicated
Non-duplicated
One of these cells, termed the secondary oocyte, receives almost all of the cytoplasm. The other is the first polar body, a non-functioning cell.
Primary spermatocytes
Disintegrates
The polar body contains chromosomes but very little cytoplasm and may or may not divide again, and eventually it disintegrates. If the secondary oocyte is fertilized by sperm, it completes the division in which it again divides unequally, forming an egg and second polar body.
Secondary ovary
Haploid
Matures
4n zygote
The chromosomes of the egg and sperm nuclei then join to form the diploid zygote. If the secondary oocyte is not fertilized by sperm, it resets and passes out of the body with the menstrual flow.
Diploid
Circadian rhythm