Question

Consider a 50-ball lottery game. In total there are 50 balls numbered 1 through to 50 inclusive. 4 balls are drawn (chosen randomly), one at a time, without replacement (so that a ball cannot be chosen more than once). To win the grand prize, a lottery player must have the same numbers selected as those that are drawn. Order of the numbers is not important so that if a lottery player has chosen the combination: 4,12,13,2 and, in order, the numbers are drawn are: 12,13,4,2 Then the lottery player will win the grand prize (to be shared with other grand prize winners). You can assume that each ball has exactly the same chance of being drawn as each of the others. a) Consider a population of size N = 50. How many different random samples of size n = 4 are possible from a population of N = 50? (2 marks) b) Suppose that you choose the numbers 10, 20, 30 and 40 ahead of the next lottery draw. As a fraction, what is the exact probability that you will win the grand prize in the lottery in the next draw with these numbers? (2 marks) c) Continuing part 1b and again as a fraction, what is the exact probability that you will not win the lottery in the next draw with these numbers? (2 marks) This question is a bit tougher and you need to think carefully about the answer. d) Recall that the order of the numbers chosen is not important and that each number can only be chosen once. In total, how many combinations are there available that include the numbers 20, 30 and 40 but not the number 10? Explain and show your answer steps. (2 marks) e) Continuing Question 1d, as a fraction what is the exact probability that the next lottery draw will result in 20, 30 and 40 being chosen but not the number 10? (2 marks)

Consider a 50-ball lottery game. In total there are 50 balls numbered 1 through to 50 inclusive. 4 balls are drawn (chosen randomly), one at a time, without replacement (so that a ball cannot be chosen more than once). To win the grand prize, a lottery player must have the same numbers selected as those that are drawn. Order of the numbers is not important so that if a lottery player has chosen the combination:
4,12,13,2
and, in order, the numbers are drawn are:
12,13,4,2
Then the lottery player will win the grand prize (to be shared with other grand prize winners).
You can assume that each ball has exactly the same chance of being drawn as each of the others.

a) Consider a population of size N = 50. How many different random samples of size n = 4 are possible from a population of N = 50? (2 marks)

b) Suppose that you choose the numbers 10, 20, 30 and 40 ahead of the next lottery draw. As a fraction, what is the exact probability that you will win the grand prize in the lottery in the next draw with these numbers? (2 marks)

c) Continuing part 1b and again as a fraction, what is the exact probability that you will not win the lottery in the next draw with these numbers? (2 marks)

This question is a bit tougher and you need to think carefully about the answer.
d) Recall that the order of the numbers chosen is not important and that each number can only be chosen once. In total, how many combinations are there available that include the numbers 20, 30 and 40 but not the number 10? Explain and show your answer steps. (2 marks)

e) Continuing Question 1d, as a fraction what is the exact probability that the next lottery draw will result in 20, 30 and 40 being chosen but not the number 10? (2 marks)

$Consider a 50-ball lottery game. In total there are 50 balls numbered 1 through to 50 inclusive. 4 balls are drawn (chosen randomly), one at a time, without replacement (so that a ball cannot be chosen more than once). To win the grand prize, a lottery player must have the same numbers selected as those that are drawn. Order of the numbers is not important so that if a lottery player has chosen the combination: 4,12,13,2 and, in order, the numbers are drawn are: 12,13,4,2 Then the lottery player will win the grand prize (to be shared with other grand prize winners). You can assume that each ball has exactly the same chance of being drawn as each of the others. a) Consider a population of size N = 50. How many different random samples of size n = 4 are possible from a population of N = 50? (2 marks) b) Suppose that you choose the numbers 10, 20, 30 and 40 ahead of the next lottery draw. As a fraction, what is the exact probability that you will win the grand prize in the lottery in the next draw with these numbers? (2 marks) c) Continuing part 1b and again as a fraction, what is the exact probability that you will not win the lottery in the next draw with these numbers? (2 marks) This question is a bit tougher and you need to think carefully about the answer. d) Recall that the order of the numbers chosen is not important and that each number can only be chosen once. In total, how many combinations are there available that include the numbers 20, 30 and 40 but not the number 10? Explain and show your answer steps. (2 marks) e) Continuing Question 1d, as a fraction what is the exact probability that the next lottery draw will result in 20, 30 and 40 being chosen but not the number 10? (2 marks)$

Added by Joel S.

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