Consider a household seeking to maximize its utility, U, a function of the consumption of two goods, x and y, subject to a budget constraint. The utility function is given to be: U(x, y) = (1 + x)(1 + y) and the exogenous unit price of the two goods and the budgeted income (I) are: Px = R4, Py = R1, and I = R1.
a) Use the Lagrange method to determine the levels of x and y that maximize utility. (10 marks)
b) What would happen to utility if the constant of the budget constraint were increased or decreased by a random amount? (4 marks)