4. Construct a phylogenetic tree using the character table below. Mark the characters on the tree. 6 points Taxon | Character 1 | Character 2 | Character 3 | Character 4 | Character 5 | Character 6 ---|---|---|---|---|---|--- Outgroup | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 A | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 B | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 C | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 D | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 E | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 Notice that the cladogram would have the same topology even without characters 1 and 2 since these traits are only found in taxon E. Traits that are only found in one taxon are called autapomorphies and do not resolve (clear up) the relationships among the taxa any further. When picking characters for the specimens in today's lab, be sure to avoid autapomorphies. Another character that you should avoid are symplesiomorphies. These are characters that are present in all of the taxa and, thus, do not resolve the relationships among the taxa any further. 5. Exhaustive search. Given taxa (L, M, N), draw all the possible relationships between them. 2 points
Added by Thomas C.
Close
Step 1
First, we need to identify the outgroup. The outgroup is the taxon that is most distantly related to the rest of the taxa. In this case, the outgroup is not specified in the question, so we will assume it is a taxon that does not have any of the characters 1-5. Show more…
Show all steps
Your feedback will help us improve your experience
Sri K and 54 other Biology educators are ready to help you.
Ask a new question
Labs
Want to see this concept in action?
Explore this concept interactively to see how it behaves as you change inputs.
Key Concepts
Recommended Videos
Create a phylogenetic tree given the data table below, showing characters shared by fictitious organisms (an "X" indicates that the character is present). Indicate on the branches where each character evolved, using the number of the character (1-5) as labels in your tree (not the name of the character, the number, please). Upload a picture of your tree. Peerling | Maydog | Umbear | Bomwom | Ryncoon | Geewold | Deercat 1. Placenta 2. Opposable thumb 3. Single temporal fenestra (STF) 4. Amnion 5. Jaws
Adi S.
Using characters 1-8 (DNA sequence data) below and the method of phylogeny reconstruction based on cladistics (parsimony analysis and outgroup comparison), determine the phylogeny for the following species: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A T C A T T A G T G B T G T T C A C T C C T G T T C A C T C D T C A T T A G T C E T G A A T G C T G Outgroup A G A A T G C A C On your tree, make sure that you indicate where character state changes have occurred (using dash marks on the branches). After you have found the best phylogeny based on characters 1-8, add character 9 to your phylogeny (i.e., use dash marks to indicate where changes occur on the tree). Based on the phylogeny, how many evolutionary steps are required to explain the data for characters 1-9? What is the apparent problem with character 9? What is the name for this type of problem?
Josee P.
Suman K.
Recommended Textbooks
Biology for AP Courses
Objective Biology for NEET
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
Transcript
Watch the video solution with this free unlock.
EMAIL
PASSWORD