4. Coupled reactions are reactions in which an exergonic reaction drives an endergonic reaction. Looking at these reactions identify whether they would need to be coupled to an exergonic reaction. Give reasoning. a. Glucose + O2 ? CO2 + H2O b. CO2 + H2O ? Glucose + O2 c. Amino acids ? Proteins d. ADP + Pi ? ATP
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indicate whether the following reactions are endergonic, requiring energy input, or exergonic, releasing energy: endergonic, exergonic Definition Word Photons from the Sun reach planet Earth Plants use sun energy to convert carbon dioxide into sugars Living organisms break down sugars into carbon dioxide and water Living organisms make ATP from ADP and phosphate Living organisms break down ATP into ADP and phosphate Living organisms use ATP to power metabolic function and other things such as muscle movement
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Which of the following processes must be coupled to an exergonic reaction or reactions in order to occur? Conversion of protein into amino acids The hydrolysis of ATP (ATP→ ADP + Pi) Facilitated diffusion Polymerization of amino acids into polypeptides Conversion of pyruvate to carbon dioxide and water Dynein motor protein movement in cilia Translation Formation of membrane potential (higher + outside the cell versus greater - charge inside the cell)
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How are the endergonic reactions of the first phase of glycolysis coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP, which is exergonic? How are the exergonic reactions of the second phase of glycolysis coupled to the endergonic synthesis of ATP and NADH?
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