Describe what would happen to the expression of the eve (even-skipped) gene if it was mutated so that its control region could not bind to KrĂĽppel. How would this affect the developing fruit fly? Imagine you are the cellular gene regulatory machinery, and you need to activate a gene that is currently condensed in heterochromatin. What would you have to do to turn the gene on? How would you do it? Optimal activation of transcription of the GAL genes in yeast requires the function of two proteins: Gal4p and Gal11p. Elimination of either protein decreases activation of the GAL promoters. However, inactivation of Gal11p has the additional and dramatic effect of cell lethality. Why might elimination of Gal11p have a greater effect than elimination of Gal4p? What is the phosphorylation state of the yeast protein Mig1 when: (a) glucose and galactose are absent; (b) galactose is present and glucose is absent; (c) glucose is present and galactose is absent; and (d) both glucose and galactose are present? A scientist is studying the function of a type of nuclear steroid receptor protein in mouse cells. She introduces various mutations into the gene encoding the receptor protein and transfers the genes into mice. If mutations are introduced that (a) eliminate the nuclear import signal in the receptor protein or (b) alter the receptor protein surface so that the receptor can no longer interact with Hsp70 protein, how will the molecular pathway of hormone-receptor interaction be altered?
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If the eve gene is mutated so that its control region could not bind to Krüppel, the expression of the eve gene would be disrupted. This would lead to abnormal segmentation patterns in the developing fruit fly, as the even-skipped gene is essential for proper Show more…
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Which mutation, in the coding region of a gene, would have the strongest effect on its polypeptide product? Group of answer choices a. Deletion of a base just before the stop codon b. Insertion of a base pair just before the stop codon. c. A missense mutation just after the start codon d. Changing of an AAG codon in the middle of the gene to AAA. e. Changing a UGG codon to UGA just after the start codon. Which of the following could directly result in a mutation? Group of answer choices a. Accidental import of a lysosomal enzyme into a vacuole that releases its contents outside the cell b. During DNA replication, primase inserting an A opposite a G. c. During DNA replication, formation of a G=T mismatch that does not get repaired. d. During translation of an mRNA, entry of the wrong tRNA into the ribosome. e. During transcription, insertion of a C opposite an A in the template by RNA polymerase. Which of the following is correct about translation? Group of answer choices a. A single mRNA can bind to many different ribosomes at the same time. b. The large and small subunit of the ribosome are each the product of a single gene. c. Energy for elongation in the ribosome cycle comes from ATP hydrolysis. d. During initiation, the large ribosomal subunit binds mRNA before the small subunit. Why are muscle cells different from nerve cells? Group of answer choices a. Both cell types carry different genes, and therefore make different gene products. b. The two cell types carry exactly the same DNA, but the mRNAs made are not the same. c. Muscle cells have mutations in non-muscle genes, and nerve cells have mutations in non-nerve genes. d. Homologous recombination causes muscle cells to assort independently from nerve cells. e. Muscle cells are diploid (2n) while nerve cells are haploid (n).
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