Determine the protein's amino acid sequence that would be produced by expression of this segment of DNA shown below (sense strand). Use the information below to find the gene signal and translate the bases into mRNA and then protein. Determine which ATG/AUG to use by finding one that is downstream of the Shine-Dalgarno sequence. What is that? Read on. The Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence is a ribosomal binding site in prokaryotic messenger RNA, roughly located around 8 bases upstream of the start codon AUG. The RNA sequence helps recruit the ribosome to the messenger RNA (mRNA) to initiate protein synthesis by aligning the ribosome with the start codon. The Shine-Dalgarno sequence exists both in bacteria and archaea. It is also present in some chloroplast and mitochondrial transcripts. The six-base consensus sequence of the Shine-Dalgarno is AGGAGG. Sense strand of DNA: 5'-ATGTTATAAGTGGAAAGGAGGGGTTATGCCTTGAAAATGTCATAGTCCGTACGT-3' A) Met – Leu B) Met – Pro C) Met – Ser
Added by Marina H.
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The Shine-Dalgarno sequence is AGGAGG, so we need to find this sequence in the DNA. Show more…
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Predict the mRNA produced, the tRNA anticodons that match the mRNA codons to the correct amino acids, and the amino acid sequence of the protein produced during the processes of transcription and translation. Please type your answers and align the DNA/RNA/protein nucleotide and amino acid abbreviations. 3’ AAA CCC TAC TTT GTG ATG GAA TGG TCA CCG CGT TAA CCC CCT GAG AAG ATT TTT 5’ mRNA codons: tRNA anticodons: Protein: Change ONE nucleotide in the DNA strand shown in the previous question so that the resulting protein is SHORTER. Circle the mutation you make. DNA: mRNA: Protein: Type BOTH strands of the DNA sequence here. Suggest PCR primers to amplify this sequence. Show the DNA sequence of each primer and the position where each primer anneals to the DNA template. Label the 5’ and 3’ ends of the DNA strands and PCR primers. 3’ AAA CCC TAC TTT GTG ATG GAA TGG TCA CCG CGT TAA CCC CCT GAG AAG ATT TTT 5’
Sri K.
Match the following steps of protein synthesis. Translation begins when the small subunit of a ribosome recognizes the start codon. The ribosome is made up of rRNA and proteins. Eventually, the ribosome reaches the stop codon and translation stops. Charged tRNA complexes attach to the ribosome. The anticodons of the tRNA match the codon over which the ribosome is sitting. Transcription begins as a short segment of the DNA double helix is unwound by RNA polymerase. An mRNA transcript is formed by the addition of RNA nucleotides complementary to the template strand of DNA being copied. When the transcript is completed, the mRNA undergoes post-transcriptional modification before moving to the cytoplasm. Spliceosomes remove the introns and the remaining exons are joined together, and a 5 cap and 3 poly-A tail are added. The RNA polymerase binds to the correct starting sequence of the gene at the promoter sequence. The amino acids are joined together as the ribosome moves along the mRNA. The amino acid chain (polypeptide) is released and folds into its final shape, forming the protein coded for in the DNA.
Adi S.
Refer to the figure to answer these questions: a. Add labels for mRNA (including the $5^{\prime}$ and $3^{\prime}$ ends) and tRNA. In addition, draw in the RNA polymerase enzyme and the ribosomes, including arrows indicating the direction of movement for each. b. What are the next three amino acids to be added to polypeptide $b$ ? c. Fill in the nucleotides in the mRNA complementary to the template DNA strand. d. What is the sequence of the DNA complementary to the template strand (as much as can be determined from the figure)? e. Does this figure show the entire polypeptide that this gene encodes? How can you tell? f. What might happen to polypeptide $b$ after its release from the ribosome? g. Does this figure depict a prokaryotic or a eukaryotic cell? How can you tell?
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