Disorders that are due to genes on the X chromosome tend to exhibit a wide range of severity in terms of symptoms, especially for women. What other genetic phenomena that we have learned about do the same? In other words, it may be difficult to determine which of these factors underlies an inheritance pattern if we are only told that symptom intensity differs for individuals with the disorder.
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X-linked disorders often show a range of symptoms in females due to the presence of two X chromosomes, which can lead to varying degrees of gene expression and the potential for one X chromosome to compensate for a mutated one. Show more…
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You have studied the phenotypes of 100 human female individuals all of whom are heterozygous for a particular mutation in a gene carried on the X chromosome. Your studies suggest that there is a wide range of the observed phenotype from mild to severe. What is the most likely genetic basis for your observations?
Keemin L.
From the scenarios described below, which one best fits the process of X inactivation? The expression of an X-linked recessive disorder where the female is a heterozygous carrier but her blood analysis shows only half of the disease's effects and her skin cell analysis shows the full effect of the disease. A heritability of 0.8 indicates a high correlation (80%) between genetics and the development of this condition. Data supporting the high heritability of ADHD stem from twin studies that show genetics plays a more influential role in the development of this condition when compared to environmental factors. The incongruency of the inheritance of schizophrenia with the predictions proposed by Mendel's laws can be explained by the fact that the development of schizophrenia is not determined solely by genetics. Schizophrenia is developed based on a combination of environmental factors and multiple genetic factors. There is a genetic predisposition to drug addiction. Several genes that affect drug addiction are such that influence neurotransmitter production, reuptake transportation, postsynaptic neuron receptor formation, and chemical signal interpretation. The sex ratio around the world is male-biased. There are many factors that contribute to a country's sex ratio, including selective abortion, levels of education, fertility treatment practices, male preference, susceptibility to prenatal and birth complications, and life expectancy.
Dominador T.
Question 1 What type of sequence-based element might be omitted by whole genome sequencing? What types of non-sequence based elements might be heritable? Question 2 How is it possible for two individuals with identical deletions to be affected by very different syndromes? What types of factors might play a role in determining the different phenotypic outcomes in the different individuals? Question 3 The process of X-inactivation occurs independently in each cell in the developing embryo. This means that females are effectively ________ for the X chromosome, meaning that different cells in their body effectively have different genotypes. Question 4 Dosage differences of the genes on the X chromosome between females and males are resolved by the process of ________.
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