Distinguish among the various general shapes of bacteria, citing examples for each; and compare the external and internal structures of gram-positive, gram-negative, and acid-bacteria.
BACTERIA SHAPES
SPHERES (COCCI)
Streptococci (Streptococcus pyogenes)
Diplococci (Streptococcus pneumoniae)
Tetrad
Staphylococci (Staphylococcus aureus)
Sarcina (Sarcina ventriculi)
RODS (BACILLI)
Chain of bacilli (Bacillus anthracis)
Flagellate rods (Salmonella typhi)
Spore-former (Clostridium botulinum)
SPIRALS
Vibrios (Vibrio cholerae)
Spirilla (Helicobacter pylori)
Spirochaetes (Treponema pallidum)
There are three types of bacteria: (1) spherical or cocci; (2) rod-shaped or bacilli; and (3) spiral.
A typical prokaryotic cell is composed of three major components – an outer envelope, the cell membrane, and the internal structures.