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DNA Structure As you can see in the figure below, DNA consists of two strands of nucleotides wound together in a spiral called a double helix. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate and a sugar molecule called a deoxyribose (which explains why the complete name for DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid). Each nucleotide also has one of four different nitrogenous bases: adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C). (Adapted from Figure 9.4 in Biology by Johnson and Raven) The drawings below show a very small section of the DNA double helix from three very different organisms: a plant, a mammal, and a bacterium. Each strand of DNA shown contains five nucleotides, each with a: S = five carbon sugar molecule called deoxyribose P = phosphate group A = adenine, C = cytosine, G = guanine, or T = thymine, the DNA nucleotide bases Plant Mammal Bacterium You can see that the phosphate from one nucleotide is bonded to the sugar in the next nucleotide to form the backbone of each strand in the DNA molecule. The bases of the nucleotides in each strand of DNA extend toward each other in the center of the DNA double helix molecule. A crucial aspect of DNA structure is the base-pairing rule: A in one strand always pairs with T in the other strand, and G in one strand always pairs with C in the other strand. You will see later that this base-pairing is crucial for the cell to make new copies of each DNA molecule in preparation for cell division. 1. Compare the sugar-phosphate arrangement in the backbone of the DNA from the plant, the mammal and the bacterium. Are there any differences? 2. Compare the bases that are present in the DNA of the plant, the mammal, and the bacterium? Are the bases in the same order? 3. Describe the pattern of base pair matching for the two strands in the plant's DNA. In other words, which types of bases are paired together? Does the DNA from the mammal follow the same base-pairing rule as the DNA from the plant? Is base pairing the same or different in the bacterium?

DNA Structure

As you can see in the figure below, DNA consists of two strands of nucleotides wound together in a spiral called a double helix. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate and a sugar molecule called a deoxyribose (which explains why the complete name for DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid). Each nucleotide also has one of four different nitrogenous bases: adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C).

(Adapted from Figure 9.4 in Biology by Johnson and Raven)

The drawings below show a very small section of the DNA double helix from three very different organisms: a plant, a mammal, and a bacterium. Each strand of DNA shown contains five nucleotides, each with a:
S = five carbon sugar molecule called deoxyribose
P = phosphate group
A = adenine, C = cytosine, G = guanine, or T = thymine, the DNA nucleotide bases

Plant
Mammal
Bacterium

You can see that the phosphate from one nucleotide is bonded to the sugar in the next nucleotide to form the backbone of each strand in the DNA molecule. The bases of the nucleotides in each strand of DNA extend toward each other in the center of the DNA double helix molecule. A crucial aspect of DNA structure is the base-pairing rule: A in one strand always pairs with T in the other strand, and G in one strand always pairs with C in the other strand. You will see later that this base-pairing is crucial for the cell to make new copies of each DNA molecule in preparation for cell division.

1. Compare the sugar-phosphate arrangement in the backbone of the DNA from the plant, the mammal and the bacterium. Are there any differences?

2. Compare the bases that are present in the DNA of the plant, the mammal, and the bacterium? Are the bases in the same order?

3. Describe the pattern of base pair matching for the two strands in the plant's DNA. In other words, which types of bases are paired together? Does the DNA from the mammal follow the same base-pairing rule as the DNA from the plant? Is base pairing the same or different in the bacterium?

DNA Structure

As you can see in the figure below, DNA consists of two strands of nucleotides wound together in a spiral called a double helix. Each nucleotide contains a phosphate and a sugar molecule called a deoxyribose (which explains why the complete name for DNA is deoxyribonucleic acid). Each nucleotide also has one of four different nitrogenous bases: adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and cytosine (C).

(Adapted from Figure 9.4 in Biology by Johnson and Raven)

The drawings below show a very small section of the DNA double helix from three very different organisms: a plant, a mammal, and a bacterium. Each strand of DNA shown contains five nucleotides, each with a:
S = five carbon sugar molecule called deoxyribose
P = phosphate group
A = adenine, C = cytosine, G = guanine, or T = thymine, the DNA nucleotide bases

Plant
Mammal
Bacterium

You can see that the phosphate from one nucleotide is bonded to the sugar in the next nucleotide to form the backbone of each strand in the DNA molecule. The bases of the nucleotides in each strand of DNA extend toward each other in the center of the DNA double helix molecule. A crucial aspect of DNA structure is the base-pairing rule: A in one strand always pairs with T in the other strand, and G in one strand always pairs with C in the other strand. You will see later that this base-pairing is crucial for the cell to make new copies of each DNA molecule in preparation for cell division.

1. Compare the sugar-phosphate arrangement in the backbone of the DNA from the plant, the mammal and the bacterium. Are there any differences?

2. Compare the bases that are present in the DNA of the plant, the mammal, and the bacterium? Are the bases in the same order?

3. Describe the pattern of base pair matching for the two strands in the plant's DNA. In other words, which types of bases are paired together? Does the DNA from the mammal follow the same base-pairing rule as the DNA from the plant? Is base pairing the same or different in the bacterium?

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