Failure of the neural tube to close in the region of the head results in A. anencephaly. B. ventricular enlargement. C. spinal bifida occulta. D. meningomyelocele. E. hydrocephaly.
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The neural tube forms the brain and spinal cord during embryonic development. Failure to close at different regions leads to different defects. Show more…
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45. Integrins are insoluble proteins which a. link molecules of the extracellular matrix and the cytoskeleton. b. contain diverse functional alpha and beta subunits. c. span the plasma membrane. d. a and c are correct. e. a, b and c are correct. 46. Neural crest cells and primordial germ cells are similar in that both can a. promote neurite outgrowth. b. migrate long distances prior to differentiation. c. promote neuron survival. d. give rise to haploid cells. e. a, b and c are correct. 47. The neural plate is derived directly from a. the notochord. b. ectoderm that overlies the notochord. c. neural crest cells. d. somites. e. neurites. 48. Neurotrophic factors function to a. direct the outgrowth of axons. b. induce notochord formation which induces neurulation. c. promote the survival of neurons. d. a and b are correct. e. a and c are correct. 49. The notochord is derived specifically from the dorsal-most mesoderm known as a. chordomesoderm. b. lateral plate mesoderm. c. intermediate mesoderm. d. somites. e. neural crest. 50. During neural plate formation, cytoskeletal filaments are involved in the transformation of squamous epithelial cells into more elongated columnar epithelial cells. This is facilitated specifically via a. apical constrictions mediated by microtubules. b. cell elongation mediated by elongation of microtubules. c. cell elongation mediated by actin microfilament bundles. d. apical constrictions mediated by actin microfilament bundles. e. elongation of intermediate filaments. 51. The often deleterious neural tube disorder that results in incomplete closure of the dorsal-posterior region of the neural tube is known as a. anencephaly. b. spina bifida. c. neuronal necrosis. d. muscular dystrophy. e. multiple sclerosis.
Suman K.
Which statement about the end stages of neurulation is FALSE? Failure of the neural tube to close at the rostral end is lethal. The neural tube "zips" closed from both ends inward. The neural tube eventually develops into the brain and spinal cord. Failure of the neural tube to close at the caudal end leads to the condition spina bifida.
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A 30-year-old primigravid woman at 18 weeks' gestation comes to the physician for a prenatal visit. Physical examination shows a uterus consistent in size with an 18-week gestation. Uitrasonography shows several intracranial anomalies, including a single ventricle, small cerebrum, fused thalami, and genesis of the corpus callosum. These findings were most likely caused by the failure of which of the following structures to differentiate? A) Diencephalon B) Mesencephalon C) Prosencephalon D) Rhombencephalon E) Telencephalon
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