Food is digested into monosaccharides such as glucose in the digestive system. In the small intestines, glucose is absorbed into cells lining the small intestines which will then be move into the blood stream to be transported throughout the body. If it has been a long time after eating there will be a lower concentration of glucose in the small intestine and a higher concentration in the cells lining the small intestine. Our bodies need to keep pumping glucose from these areas of low concentration (inside the intestines) into the cells lining the intestines (high concentration of glucose). This is an example of:
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- Food is digested into monosaccharides like glucose in the digestive system. - In the small intestine, glucose is absorbed into the cells lining the small intestine. Show more…
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The sugars that are absorbed as a result of carbohydrate digestion (glucose, fructose, and galactose) travel in the blood circulation. Glucose is the main source of energy for cells in our body, so maintaining blood glucose levels is essential. Classify the following statements based on whether they describe the role of insulin or glucagon in regulating blood glucose levels: - secreted when blood glucose levels drop hours after eating - stimulates muscle and adipose cells to take up glucose - signals the liver to release glucose to the blood - promotes excess glucose to be synthesized into glycogen - secreted after glucose is detected in the blood after a meal
Sri K.
After a meal, glucose is absorbed from the small intestine. As a result, the concentration of blood glucose increases. The pancreas responds by secreting insulin into the bloodstream. Insulin then causes the liver to convert glucose to glycogen, which helps reduce blood glucose levels. Once blood glucose levels are lowered, the pancreas stops secreting insulin. However, when glucose levels are low, glucagon is released. Glucagon causes the liver to break down some of its stored glycogen into glucose, which increases blood glucose levels. The graph below illustrates these changes over a 9-hour period.
Parul N.
1. Carbohydrate digestion begins in the: a. Mouth b. Small intestine c. Stomach d. Ileum e. Salivary gland 2. The enzyme salivary amylase helps to digest: a. Proteins b. Complex carbohydrates c. Simple sugars d. Lipids e. Nucleic acids 3. The main functions of the large intestine include: a. Chemical digestion of chyme b. Temporary food storage c. Resorption of water and electrolytes d. Absorption of the products of digestion e. All of the above 4. The oxygen debt as a result of exercise is caused by: a. The amount of oxygen needed to convert lactic acid to glucose b. The amount of oxygen needed to rebuild the supply of ATP c. The reoxygenation of hemoglobin d. The reoxygenation of myoglobin e. All of the above 5. Functions of the stomach include: a. Storage of ingested food b. Initiation of protein digestion c. Some absorption d. There is some digestion of food e. All of the above
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