For children with two myopic parents, the likelihood of becoming myopic is ____ correlated with the number of hours spent playing sports each week. negatively perfectly positively not
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1. The pedigree below shows the pattern of inheritance of myopia (nearsightedness) within a human family. This trait is relatively common refractive error of the eye, and it has become increasingly prevalent: a recent study by the National Eye Institute (NEI) shows the prevalence of myopia grew from 25% of the U.S. population (ages 12 to 54) in early 70s’ to 41.6% in 1999-2004. The exact cause for this increase in nearsightedness among Americans is unknown and eye doctors suspect correlation between eye fatigue from computer and cellphone use and other extended near-vision tasks, coupled with a genetic predisposition. a. What is the most likely mode of inheritance for this trait based on the above pedigree? Why? (1 pt) Autosomal recessive, because parents II-6 and II-7 are both unaffected and have an affected child b. What is the probability that the first child (represented by a diamond) of individuals III-3 and III-4 will be affected by this trait? (1 pt) III-3 has a probability of 100% to be a carrier III-4 has a probability of 2/3 to be a carrier The probability of their child to be a carrier is 1 x 2/3 x 1/4 = 1/6 or 16.6% c. If III-3 and III-4 have three children, what is the probability that none of them will be affected? (1 pt) Since the probability of the first child to be affected is 1/6 the probability of them being unaffected is 5/6. The probability of all three kids to be unaffected is 5/6 x 5/6 x 5/6 = 125/216 or 58% d. The first child of III-3 and III-4 turns out to be unaffected. Given that, what is the probability that their next child will be affected? (2 pts) e. The second child of III-3 and III-4 turns out to be affected. Given that, what is the probability that their next child will be affected as well? (1 pt)
Adi S.
Kerissa B.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have determined that children under 2 years old who sleep with the lights on have a 37% chance of becoming myopic before they are 16. Children who sleep in darkness have a 25% probability of becoming myopic. A survey indicates that 30% of children under 2 sleep with some light on. Find the probability that a random child under 2 will become myopic before reaching 16 years old.
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